運動舞蹈選手參賽動機與阻礙因素之研究－以2007世界運動舞蹈台灣公開賽為例

Abstract

本研究旨在對於運動舞蹈選手之參賽動機及參與阻礙進行相關性研究，以瞭解2007世界運動舞蹈台灣公開賽之參賽選手背景特性、參賽動機、參與阻礙及不同背景特性之選手的動機與阻礙間的差異情形。 研究者以「運動舞蹈選手參賽動機與阻礙因素調查問卷」為工具，對來自十二個國家，200對參賽選手進行問卷調查，總計發出問卷400份，回收有效問卷385份。資料回收後，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後檢驗及典型相關分析等統計方法，以SPSS for Windows 10.0版進行資料分析。將分析所得之數據進行討論之後，本研究之重要結論如下： 1.參賽選手代表國家以亞洲國家為主，其中以台灣選手為多數，選手年齡有趨於年輕化趨勢，職業以學生為主，此賽會吸引許多新選手及初次參與之選手參賽。 2.運動舞蹈選手的參賽動機以技術發展為主，其它依次為成就性需求、健康與適能及社會性需求動機。不同背景變項之參賽選手之參賽動機在代表國家、性別、婚姻狀況、年齡、教育程度、職業、個人平均月收入、參賽年資、參賽次數及參賽最高組別上達顯著差異。 3.運動舞蹈選手的參與阻礙主要是結構因素，其它依次為個人因素及參與機會因素。不同背景變項之參賽選手之參賽阻礙在性別、年齡、教育程度、職業、個人平均月收入、參賽年資、參賽次數及參賽最高組別達顯著差異。 4.運動舞蹈選手的參賽動機與參與阻礙間具有典型正相關之關係。 依據研究結論，本研究提出以下建議：1.主辦單位應了解參賽者之相關背景特性，針對不同族群背景特色進行宣傳。2.運動舞蹈協會必須瞭解參賽者的動機與阻礙，增強參賽者的動機並設法降低參賽阻礙，才能順利推展運動舞蹈。3.應多加強選手個人體能訓練，以減少受傷之疑慮產生。

This study was aimed to survey dancesport competitors’ motivation to participate in a competition and the constraint they encounter, so as to better understand how competitors’of different backgrounds and characteristics in Taiwan DanceSport Open Championship 2007 may differ in their motivation and constraint. The research tool was “Questionnaire of on dancesport competitors’ motivation to participate in competitions and factors of constraint.” In this questionnaire, 200 couples from 12 countries were surveyed. After deleting the invalid questionnaires, 385 copies were effective in total. The researched conducted with SPSS for Windows (version 10.0) the statistical analysis of the collected data contained reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s post hoc multiple comparison and canonical correlation.The results were found the following: 1. Most contestnts were from Asia and the majority of them represent Taiwan, the ages of contestants were getting younger, and most contestants were school students.This open championship attacted many new contestants and first time competitors. 2. The dance contestants’ participating motives were mainly skill concern, the others in turn achievement demand, health and fitness demand and social demand. The motivation variation, the motivation of the contestants from different backgrounds, in behalf of the country, gender, marital status, age, education level, occupation, monthly income, years and times of participating competitions, and the highest group of participation all reacheed significant difference. 3. The main competitors’ constraint encounter was environmental factor, and the others were in turn individual factor and participation opportunity factor. There were significant differences between the motivation variation and gender, age, education level, occupation, monthy income, years and times of participating competitions, and the highest group of participation. 4. The correlation between participating motivation and participating constraint was positive and reciprocal effective. Base on the results of this study, the researcher provided the following suggestions：1. In order to make the advertisment efficiency, the dancesprort association should figure out the competitors’ backgrounds first. 2. To encourage sport dancing, the association should know the competitors’ motivation and participating constraint and further reinforce their motivation and try to reduce their constraint.3. Contestants should strengthen personal physical condition to rid themselves of the worry of getting injured.