深港聞人劉鑄伯：生平、志業與意義
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Date
2013-12-??
Authors
蔡惠堯
Cai, Hui-yao
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Publisher
國立台灣師範大學歷史硏究所
National Taiwan Normal University Department of History
National Taiwan Normal University Department of History
Abstract
英國割占（租借）香港地區後，逐步建立一套切中香港實情而行之有效的資本主義統治架構，政制日臻成熟，經濟快速發展，社會不斷進步，香港成長為國際性中轉貿易中心。香港奇跡的誕生， 固然與英國統治政策、中國國內和國際形勢持續影響息息相關，亦與香港華人自強不息的奮鬥密不可分，而其中，華人領袖扮演了舉足輕重的角色。從十九世紀五十年代起，依靠強大經濟實力而崛起的香港華人領袖不斷要求變革，積極投身公共領域管治，拓展和改善生存空間，為香港社會的早期發展作出卓越貢獻，成就有目共睹，影響及至於今。不僅如此，由於地域和血緣關係，他們參與內地建設，支持革命運動，成為促進中國近代化的有力推手。本文研究對象劉鑄伯（1867-1922），籍貫深圳平湖，活躍於十九世紀末、二十世紀初期香港的政、商、學、醫各界。劉鑄伯在潔淨局、定例局等政府機構任內， 為改善華人待遇而建言獻策； 擔任華商總會、東華醫院、保良局、育才書社等民間公共組織要職，傾盡心力謀求華人福祉；在家鄉平湖，因應廣九鐵路開築，獨資建造平湖新墟，初步奠定平湖墟作為深圳、東莞、惠州三地交接處中心城鎮的規模和地位，堪稱近代深圳地區市政建設的典範。劉鑄伯在深圳、香港甚為知名。他身上既具備同時代的其他華人領袖積極參與公共事務、努力爭取華人福祉的共性，也有自身鮮明的行事個性和思維特色，時空環境的制約在他身上的烙印亦顯而易見。通過劉鑄伯個案研究，有助於我們進一步認知、判斷香港華人領袖的角色定位，對深化香港社會整體或個案研究也有參考意義。
After Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain, a locally relevant and feasible capitalist ruling structure was gradually established. Large progress was reflected in administrative, economic and social dimensions. The crown colony became an international trade centre. The miracle of Hong Kong was closely related with British ruling policy, the lasting influence of international and domestic climate, but also largely contributed by the constant striving of the Chinese community in Hong Kong for improvement. Amongst them, the Chinese celebrities definitely played a critical role. Based on immense economic strength, a group of Chinese in Hong Kong rose to the upper social class since the 1850s. They actively called for reform, participated in public management and worked on expanding and improving living space. Their outstanding contribution for the early development of the colony is obvious and far-reaching. Moreover, they also actively participated in the social construction and revolutionary movements in mainland China, which certainly accelerated the modernization of China. Lau Chu-pak (1867-1922), the focus of this paper had his origin in Pinghu, Shenzhen. He had been very active in political, commercial, academic and medical circles through the late 19th century and early 20th century. He committed himself for the social improvement of the Chinese community in Hong Kong during his term with the Sanitary Board and Legislative Council. While working with the General Chinese Chamber of Commerce, Tung-wah Hospital, Po Leung Kuk and the Elllis Kadoorie Chinese School Society successively, he endeavored to enhance the well-being of the Chinese. In response to the construction of Kowloon-Canton Railway, he exclusively invested on setting up the Pinghu New Market in Pinghu, his hometown. The market, regarded as a model of modern urban construction in Shenzhen preliminarily secured the central urban function of Pinghu in the conjunction area of Shenzhen, Dongguan and Huizhou
After Hong Kong was ceded to Great Britain, a locally relevant and feasible capitalist ruling structure was gradually established. Large progress was reflected in administrative, economic and social dimensions. The crown colony became an international trade centre. The miracle of Hong Kong was closely related with British ruling policy, the lasting influence of international and domestic climate, but also largely contributed by the constant striving of the Chinese community in Hong Kong for improvement. Amongst them, the Chinese celebrities definitely played a critical role. Based on immense economic strength, a group of Chinese in Hong Kong rose to the upper social class since the 1850s. They actively called for reform, participated in public management and worked on expanding and improving living space. Their outstanding contribution for the early development of the colony is obvious and far-reaching. Moreover, they also actively participated in the social construction and revolutionary movements in mainland China, which certainly accelerated the modernization of China. Lau Chu-pak (1867-1922), the focus of this paper had his origin in Pinghu, Shenzhen. He had been very active in political, commercial, academic and medical circles through the late 19th century and early 20th century. He committed himself for the social improvement of the Chinese community in Hong Kong during his term with the Sanitary Board and Legislative Council. While working with the General Chinese Chamber of Commerce, Tung-wah Hospital, Po Leung Kuk and the Elllis Kadoorie Chinese School Society successively, he endeavored to enhance the well-being of the Chinese. In response to the construction of Kowloon-Canton Railway, he exclusively invested on setting up the Pinghu New Market in Pinghu, his hometown. The market, regarded as a model of modern urban construction in Shenzhen preliminarily secured the central urban function of Pinghu in the conjunction area of Shenzhen, Dongguan and Huizhou