高齡競賽涉入程度、自覺健康與規律運動行為之相關研究 －以阿公阿嬤健康活力秀為例

Abstract

本研究目的為了解高齡競賽涉入程度、自覺健康和規律運動行為的現況，以及三者間的關係。調查時間於2014年1月開始，以立意抽樣方式，選擇2013年阿公阿嬤健康活力秀臺北市的參賽者為研究對象，進行問卷調查，共發放432份問卷，剔除無效問卷後共回收408份。問卷經統計資料處理分析後，結果發現本研究高齡者以低強度規律運動行為占大多數；不同性別對自覺健康的環境範疇有顯著差異；不同過去職業情形對自覺健康的整體生活品質和社會關係範疇有顯著差異；不同年齡層對涉入程度的吸引力、中心性和總分有顯著差異；活力秀參與年資與涉入程度各構面和總分，以及自覺健康的心理構面有顯著的低度正相關；涉入程度的中心性和總分，以及自覺健康的整體生活品質、心理和環境範疇會因為不同規律運動行為而有顯著差異；涉入程度和自覺健康各構面均呈顯著的低至中度正相關；涉入程度因不同規律運動行為所形成的差異情形，顯著受自覺健康影響。因此研究者建議活力秀主辦單位應在各地區廣設多樣性的休閒活動社團，並強化高齡者健康的概念，來讓高齡者涉入休閒活動，提升自覺健康，進而養成規律運動行為。亦可設立專門組織，朝多元競賽項目的辦理邁進。未來亦可探討不同健康促進模式，而有更多後續研究。

The purpose of the research is to explore whether the involvement of a senior game would associate with the perceived health and the regular exercise. A total of 408 elderly people participating in the final round of the vivid show of grandpa and grandma 2013 were selected via purposive sampling for the quantitative survey. The results are as following: (1) Majority of the participants revealed low-intensity regular exercise; (2) Gender, past occupation, and age were significantly associated with perceived health and involvement separately; (3) The Years of participation were lowly correlated with the involvement and perceived psychological health; (4) Different types of regular exercise were associated different involvement level and perceived health; (5) The correlation between involvement level and perceived health revealed positively low to medium, and (6) Different types of regular exercise did show significant difference with the involvement after the excluding the perceived health. The results denoted that and the perceived health can influence the types of regular exercise rather than the involvement. It is suggested that setting up different types of leisure club everywhere is the priority for the organizer, which can enhance the extent of involving in different leisure activities, promote perceived health and cultivate regular exercise behavior. On the other hand, the organizer can also manage to professionalize senior games. Future study to testify more factors of the health promotion models is recommended.