動力學參數是否可以作為長距離跑步的效率指標？

Abstract

本研究旨在尋找長距離跑步時，代表跑步效率的動力學指標。本研究招募 10 位大專公開級長跑隊選手，其中一名為具奧運資格之頂尖選手。測量實驗參與者之最大攝氧量、跑步經濟性、 3000 公尺跑步表現與地面反作用力峰值及衝量。以皮爾森相關係數觀察動力學參數與跑步經濟性和跑步表現的關聯，以單一樣本 T 檢定觀察頂尖選手與優秀選手跑步經濟性以及跑步表現的差異，以獨立樣本 T 檢定來觀察頂尖選手與優秀選手動力學參數的差異。結果發現，在跑者能維持穩定跑步姿勢的速度下，垂直衝量與跑步經濟性以及跑步表現的相關性達 -0.48 及 0.74 ；總衝量與跑步經濟性以及跑步表現的相關性達 -0.59 及 0.51 。頂尖選手的橫向、垂直峰值與橫向、垂直、及總衝量顯著高於優秀選手。此研究結果顯示在跑者能維持穩定跑步姿勢的速度下，垂直衝量及總衝量較能代表跑步效率。

The purpose of this study is to find kinetic index of efficiency in distance running. Ten distance runners were recruited. One of them was qualified for Olympic trials. Maximal oxygen uptake, running economy, 3000 m running performance were measured. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to observe the correlation between kinetic parameter and running economy and between kinetic parameter and running performance. The one sample t test was used to observe the difference of running economy and running performance between elite runner and good runners. And independent t test was used to observe the difference of kinetic parameters between elite runner and good runners. When runners can maintain a stable running posture, the correlation between vertical impulse and running economy reaches -0.48 and the correlation between vertical impulse and running performance reaches 0.74. The correlation between total impulse and running economy reaches -0.59 and the correlation between total impulse and running performance reaches 0.51. The peak medial-lateral and vertical ground reaction force of elite runner is higher than good runners. The medial-lateral, vertical and total impulse of ground reaction force of elite runner is higher than good runners. The result suggests that vertical and total impulse of ground reaction force are more representative of running efficiency when runners can maintain a stable running posture.