華人空間的轉移與建構——以泰國曼谷耀華力為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討泰國曼谷的華人空間的轉移與建構，本研究所講的華人空間是侷限在泰國曼谷的耀華力地區，從最古老的「三聘」如何成為現如今的「耀華力」。本研究以1892～2016年為時間範圍，並採用文獻分析法、質化田野研究法和調查研究法，收集和分析相關的文獻和資料。本研究發現，泰國政府對華人的政策和泰中關係的變化，影響了泰國國家民族敘述下的華人性，以及耀華力作為華人聚居地的發展和轉變。本研究指出，耀華力的唐人街華人性是泰國政府刻意推動而被建構的，以取代原來古老的三聘，並在泰中建交的背景下，強調泰國與中國的友好關係和文化交流。本研究對於理解泰國華人的歷史、文化和社會變遷，以及泰國唐人街的特色和意義，有著重要的貢獻和價值。This study aims to explore the transformation and construction of the Chinese space in Bangkok, Thailand. The Chinese space in this study is confined to the Yaowarat area in Bangkok, which evolved from the oldest “Sampheng” to the present “Yaowarat”. This study covers the period from 1892 to 2016, and adopts document analysis, qualitative field research, and survey research methods to collect and analyze relevant literature and data. This study finds that the policies of the Thai government on the Chinese and the changes in Sino-Thai relations influenced the Chineseness under the Thai national narrative, as well as the development and transformation of Yaowarat as a Chinese settlement. This study points out that the Chineseness of Yaowarat as a Chinatown was deliberately promoted and constructed by the Thai government, to replace the old Sampheng, and to emphasize the friendly relations and cultural exchanges between Thailand and China under the background of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Thailand and China. This study has important contributions and values for understanding the history, culture, and social changes of the Thai Chinese, as well as the characteristics and significance of the Chinatown in Thailand.