臺灣報業中的「日本」形象──以《聯合報》社論為討論對象(1972-1993)

Abstract

中華民國與日本斷交後，對內較先前更加嚴格禁止日本文化產品的輸入；在解除此系列日本文化禁止令前，對日本的研究亦少。然而在臺灣因本土大眾文化產業發展不及以自足之情況下，並未真正完全隔絕於日本文化之外，而是以去除日本文字、景觀、和服、飲食等「去日本味」以及盜版方式在臺流通。1990年代初，李登輝總統時期開啟對日政治、學術交流等重要突破，同時解除系列日本文化禁令後，「哈日潮流」的盛行可預期為臺灣社會的日本形象出現「進步」、「理想」等樣貌。本文試圖探討兩國斷交的1972年至臺灣與日本關係大幅改善及掀起「哈日潮」的1993年間，《聯合報》社論在國內政策限制、七二年體制以及該報素來聞名的「親政府立場」下，如何呈現並影響臺灣輿論中的「日本」形象，以窺探「日本」近來以「品質保證、質感」形象樹立臺灣人心中的過程之一環。After the Republic of China severed diplomatic ties with Japan, there was a stricter prohibition on the import of Japanese cultural products. Until the lifting of these bans on Japanese culture, research on Japan was also limited. However, due to the underdeveloped in Taiwan's domestic mass culture industry and the inability to be completely isolated from Japanese culture, there was a circulation of Japanese elements through the removal of Japanese language, landscapes, kimono, cuisine, etc., as well as through piracy. In early 1990s, during President Lee Teng-hui's administration, significant breakthroughs were made in political and academic exchanges with Japan. Simultaneously, with the lifting of the bans on Japanese culture, the prevalence of the "Ha-Ri" trendcould be anticipated to present a"progressive" and "ideal" image of Japan in Taiwanese society. This article attempts to explore the period between 1972 when the two countries severed ties and 1993 when Taiwan-Japan relations greatly improved, as well as the rise of the "Ha-Ri" trend. It examines how the editorial stance of the "United Daily News," known for its "pro-government stance," within the context of domestic policy restrictions and the 1972 system, influenced the perception of "Japan" in Taiwanese public opinion, offering insights into the process through which Japan has established an image of"quality assurance" in the minds of Taiwanese people.