乾隆時期刪本經書禁燬之始末及影響

Abstract

科舉用書乃幫助考生備考、以期捷得之出版品，屢為朝野所抨擊。乾隆時期編纂《四庫全書》，展開空前的全面徵書，暗含「寓禁於徵」的用意，有不少科舉用書，也遭到禁燬。學界對科舉用書的研究有限，對乾隆時期禁燬刪本經書講章等用書，尚未深入探討。本文透過朝廷諭令、禁燬書目、傳世科舉用書等文獻，探討乾隆時期刪本經書、小本講章盛行背景，及朝廷禁燬刪本經書等之始末、成效及影響，有助於深化對清代經學及科舉用書出版、流傳、禁燬的認識。

The preparation books for Imperial Examination were to assist examinees to pass the exams; however, their existence was denounced by officials and scholars. In Qianlong’s regime, he set out to collect books to compile Sikuqhuanshu. The main purpose of this action was to find out the books with the contents against his ruling; hence many preparation books were either strictly banned and burned or partly deleted. Since the studies on the preparation books for Imperial Examination are rare, and not included probing into the causes and effects of the banning, burning and deleting chapters from Classics in Qianlong’s regime. This study will use the edicts of royal court, the book list of banning and burning, and the preparation books for Imperial Examination to analyze the deleted chapters of Classics, the background of rampant compact cheating books and the causes, results and effects of deleting, banning and burning Classics. As such, the study deepens the understanding of the publication, spreading, and banning and burning of Classics and preparation books for Imperial Examination in the Qing Dynasty.