大學校院學生會不同組織類型之運作分析

Abstract

本研究旨在探討學生會之組織運作模式，聚焦於三權分立與兩權分立兩種治理架構的制度設計、實施情形與演變過程，並分析其在不同類型大學（如公立與私立）中的適用性與挑戰。研究發現，三權分立體制雖具高度民主理念，但因人力與資源限制，實務上易出現制度內耗與職務重疊現象；相較之下，兩權分立體制則在行政效率上表現較佳，惟監督功能有待強化，以避免決策權過度集中。學生會作為學生與學校間的溝通橋樑，除肩負政策倡議與權益維護責任，亦需處理派系衝突與內部協調等實務挑戰。為提升學生自治實踐之品質，研究建議應朝向組織之專業化、資訊透明化及參與多元化發展，並強化跨部門協作機制與民主參與平台的建構。此外，針對不同學校型態與組織文化，應進行制度在地化的調整與回應，俾利學生會有效發揮其自治功能與公共性角色。本研究期盼能為未來學生會制度設計與實務運作提供實證參照與理論基礎This study aims to examine the organizational and operational models of student governments, with a focus on the structural design, implementation, and evolution of two governance frameworks: the tripartite (three-branch) and bipartite (two-branch) systems. It further analyzes their applicability and challenges within different types of higher education institutions, such as public and private universities. The findings indicate that while the tripartite system embodies a high degree of democratic ideals, it often suffers from internal friction and functional overlap due to limitations in human and material resources. In contrast, the bipartite model demonstrates greater administrative efficiency but lacks robust oversight mechanisms, which can lead to excessive centralization of decision-making power.As a communicative bridge between students and the university administration, student governments are not only responsible for policy advocacy and rights protection, but also face practical challenges such as managing internal factional conflicts and ensuring organizational coordination. To enhance the quality of student self-governance, this study recommends advancing organizational professionalization, improving information transparency, and fostering diverse participation. Strengthening cross-departmental collaboration and democratic engagement platforms is also emphasized. Furthermore, institutional design should be adapted to the unique characteristics and cultures of individual universities to enable student governments to fully realize their functions of autonomy and public engagement. It is hoped that this research will provide empirical references and a theoretical foundation for the future development and practical implementation of student association systems.