臺北市國小足球參與者運動價值觀及社會支持之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解臺北市國小足球參與者運動價值觀及社會支持之情形，研究目的在探討不同的人口背景變項在運動價值觀與社會支持的差異，以及運動價值觀與運動社會支持之相關情形。研究對象是以報名參加「臺北市96學年度教育盃國小五人制足球錦標賽」參賽學校之校內足球團隊學生，以三～六年級為主。透過問卷調查方式蒐集資料，採叢集抽樣方式回收有效問卷321份，利用信度分析、項目分析、因素分析、描述性統計、t檢定、多變量變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法分析後，獲致研究結果如下： 一、臺北市國小足球參與者大部分為高年級男生，足球運動花費少，每次踢球時間半小時以上，每週3次以上，球齡超過一年，有代表隊的經驗且七次以上。 二、臺北市國小足球參與者運動價值觀普遍有高度的運動價值觀認同感，運動社會支持在家人與同儕部分有中度以上支持，教師部分則偏低。 三、不同人口背景的臺北市國小足球參與者運動價值觀在三個月內不同足球運動花費、每次不同足球運動時間有差異存在；運動社會支持則是在三個月內不同足球運動花費、每次不同足球運動時間、不同加入團隊時間、不同代表隊經驗、不同代表隊次數有差異存在。 四、臺北市國小足球參與者運動價值觀與運動社會支持有顯著正相關。 根據研究結果，本研究建議政府單位鼓勵女生、中低年級學生多參與；建立一個好的參與環境及辦理相關足球賽，讓學生有更多參與機會；並建議後續研究者以其他母群體、質性訪談或更多重要他人的社會支持情形來進行更深入的探討。The purpose of this study is to identify the sport values and social support of elementary school football participants in Taipei. Differences in sport values and social support among selected demographic groups, as well as the relation between sport values and social support shall be discussed in this study. The sample of this study was selected from 3-6 grade elementary school football participants who have taken part in the “Taipei City 96–Academic-Year Educational Cup Futsal Championship.” The collection of data was conducted by questionnaires; while the sampling was done by cluster sampling, recovering 321 valid questionnaires. Reliability, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, T-test, ANOVA, as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficients were applied to data-analysis. The conclusion and implications of this study shall be stated as follows: I)The majority of elementary school football participants in Taipei are high-graded boy students, who spend more than half an hour playing football three times a week. Most of the participants have over one year’s experience playing football, and they have played as representative teams for at least seven times as well. Also, they don’t spend very much in comparison with participants of other sports. II)On the whole, the participants think very highly of sport values. The sport social support from their peers and family members is at medium, while that from their teachers is rather low. III)In differences of the sport values according to different demographic groups in Taipei elementary school football participants is depending on expenditure on football in three months and each time spending on playing football. While in differences of social support is depending on expenditure on football in three months, each time spending on playing football, the time of joining a football team, different representative team experience, and different frequencies playing as a representative team member. IV)This study shows that there is a positive correlation between sport values and sport social support among elementary school football participants in Taipei. According to the result of this study, suggestions for the government are provided as follows: (1) Encourage more girls as well as lower-graded students to participate in football sport. (2) Set up a good participation environment and hold football matches to create more participation opportunities for students. (3) More follow-up studies are expected to perform qualitative interviews and discussions with other populations or important social support factors.