困境、自省、成長與蛻變：七等生小說的生命啟示研究

Abstract

本文擬尋七等生的生平及其對西方文史哲之涉獵為線索，輔以文本細讀並參考各方詮釋觀點進行對話，來理解評價兩極的現代主義作家七等生，不計毀譽，始終堅持寫作，意欲探求之生命哲學與其對人生的經歷及吸收的哲學思維，融入其小說之生命啟示。由緒論敘述研究動機定義研究範圍，並由第二章觀看七等生的生平與文思啟發。七等生的幼年，由於政權交替，父親突然失業，開始過著貧窮與受人卑視的生活，考上師專原只是求得生活溫飽，由於精神的苦悶，在《草葉集》與《普拉特羅與我》裡汲取心靈養分，並與在西方存在主義的的接觸中得到人生哲學思維的啟發，然而敏銳的心與前衛的思維，在發表〈我愛黑眼珠〉後，幾乎要和整個體制衝撞起來，七等生決定離城，〈跳遠選手退休了〉也隱隱宣示了自己的隱遁與將持續對美的堅持，亦即寫作。第三章則由於七等生將自己的個人經歷與哲學思維散入各個類自傳的文本中作一境遇劇之展演出發，以社會邊緣的小人物在社會各層面遭遇的困境，並以存在主義反抗精神，強調意志的自由帶入文本作一演繹，筆者欲由分析其中對困境與哲學思考交織與複沓式的展演，觀看七等生對存在的思索。第四章由〈沙河悲歌〉的人物成長歷程，是小人物由困境而自省而成長蛻變的歷程演繹，並由七等生對社會底層人物的悲憫，觀看其意欲展現的信仰與作品如宗教的引導，展演一條由心靈內轉與成長的意志自由之路，〈我愛黑眼珠〉複雜的存在思考及〈沙河悲歌〉、〈小林阿達〉的人物心靈成長歷程，自然、自由與神成為意志的自由之精神引領，而〈目孔赤〉則帶出在意志自由之外，人還應有的良知與自我觀看，作為閱讀七等生小說之生命啟示。

This paper aims to explore the life of Qi-Deng-Sheng and his engagement with Western literature, history, and philosophy. By employing close reading and referencing diverse interpretative perspectives, we seek to understand this polarizing modernist writer who persisted in writing regardless of criticism. The study delves into the life philosophy Qi-Deng-Sheng sought to explore, his life experiences, and philosophical insights, which are woven into the life revelations within his novels. The introduction outlines the research motivation and defines the scope of the study, while Chapter Two examines Qi-Deng-Sheng's life and literary inspirations. In his childhood, due to regime changes, his father suddenly became unemployed, leading to a life of poverty and disdain. Initially entering a teacher’s college for basic sustenance, he found spiritual nourishment in "Leaves of Grass" and "Platero and I," and was inspired by existentialist philosophy. Despite his keen mind and avant-garde ideas, following the publication of "I Love Black Eyes," he nearly clashed with the entire system, prompting him to leave the city. "The Long Jumper Has Retired" subtly declared his retreat and continued dedication to beauty, namely writing. Chapter Three discusses how Qi-Deng-Sheng's personal experiences and philosophical thoughts are interwoven into various semi-autobiographical texts as a dramatic presentation of his life. Through the portrayal of marginalized individuals facing societal challenges, coupled with an existentialist spirit of resistance emphasizing the freedom of will, the text is interpreted to analyze the intertwining and repetitive performance of dilemmas and philosophical reflections. This analysis aims to observe Qi-Deng-Sheng's contemplation on existence. Chapter Four explores the character development in " Lament of the Sand River" depicting the journey of a small character's introspection and transformation amid adversity. Through Qi-Deng-Sheng's compassion for society's underprivileged, the study examines his intended display of faith and his works as quasi-religious guidance, presenting a path of inner transformation and growth through willful freedom. The complex existential reflections in "I Love Black Eyes" and the spiritual growth journeys of characters in" Lament of the Sand River " and "Little Lin A-Da" highlight natural freedom and divinity as spiritual guides for willful freedom. Meanwhile, "Red Eye" introduces the necessity of conscience and responsibility beyond willful freedom, offering life revelations through reading Qi-Deng-Sheng's novels.