電腦劇本編寫策略增進國小亞斯伯格兒童社會互動之成效

Abstract

本研究旨在探討電腦化劇本編寫策略對於國小亞斯伯格兒童社會互動能力的影響。研究方法採用單一受試實驗設計中跨行為多探試設計，自變項為電腦化劇本編寫策略，依變項為社會互動行為次數，所設定的社會互動標的行為共有三種，分別為合作行為、與人聊天及遵守遊戲規則。以二名國小亞斯伯格學生為研究對象，分別接受基限期、介入期和維持期之實驗處理。本研究中以1位亞斯伯格症兒童搭配3位一般兒童為原則，性別以2男2女為原則。資料蒐集方式以攝影機拍攝方式，並記錄各社會互動行為在每個行為樣本中出現的次數，蒐集到的資料以目視分析、時間序列C統計及效果值加以分析，同時並輔以其他觀察資料分析及社會效度分析。 本研究結果發現如下： (一)電腦化劇本編寫策略顯著增進國小亞斯伯格兒童社會互動行為的次數； (二)社會互動行為在電腦化劇本編寫策略褪除後亦能維持； (三)透過電腦化劇本編寫策略，促進參與課程的同儕對研究對象的了解及協助； (四)家長及教師均認為電腦化劇本編寫策略能增進國小亞斯伯格兒童的社會互動能力。 本研究並針對電腦化劇本編寫策略提供教學建議及未來研究建議。

The effects of computer-assisted script writing strategies on social interactions of elementary school students with Asperger syndrome were evaluated in this study. The method of single-subject with multiple probe across three behaviors was adopted, while computer-assisted script writing strategies was chosen as the independent variable and the number of social interaction behaviors as the dependent variable. Totally three social interaction behaviors were targeted, namely cooperational behavior, chatting with others, and following the rules of games. The behavioral data of the subjects, two Asperger syndrome students, were collected during baseline, intervention, and maintenance phases. Each subject was grouped with three normal students to form a group of equal gender in principle. The whole process was recorded and the number of targeted behaviors were analyzed by means of viaual analysis, time series C statistics, and the effect size. The effects of other observational data and the social validity of the interviews were also analyzed. The major findings of this study are: 1.The number of social interaction behaviors of students with Asperger syndrome increased significantly with computer-assisted script writing strategies. 2.The social interaction behaviors sustained after the removal of computer-assisted script writing strategies. 3.The strategies promoted peer understandings and their will to provide assistances. 4.The parents and teachers agreed that the social interaction abilities of Asperger syndrome students can be enhanced by utilizing computer-assisted script writing strategies. Finally, this study also provide suggestions for teaching strategies and for further research.