九型人格對領導風格影響之研究

Abstract

九型人格（Enneagram）可以上溯至史前一萬年前遠古文明的智慧，在60年代加入現代心理學後的成為現代九型人格學。九型人格不僅只是一門性格分類學，重要的是透過自我本型的了解，能夠深入探索自己行為背後的欲望及核心的恐懼。除了美國哈佛、史丹佛及北京清華開設相關九型人格商學應用課程外，同時也應用於各大企業與團隊培訓。而在企業發展最重要的就是人，組織一群人最重要關鍵就在團隊與領導。領導者的領導風格關係著團隊氣氛與績效，而現代九型人格學就是一個絕佳的系統，讓領導者能因為更理解自己及不同性格的差異，也能用更多的同理心與團隊的成員互動。

本研究選定九位受過黃志達老師完整九型人格的培訓的受訪者，每個型號一名進行深度訪談。了解受訪者在接受過九型人格的培訓後對自我成長的體悟、領導風格的影響及團隊氣氛與績效的成長。從訪談中發現，每位受訪者在受過九型人格培訓前，大都以自我為中心，認為自己的想法、邏輯、判斷是對的。或許有看到自己的一些缺點，如情緒化、愛拖延、控制慾強等等，但不知道自己行為背後的原因，也察覺不到自己的盲點。

研究發現，經過九型人格的受訓後，不同型號的人皆能對自我有更多的認識，發現自己平常的行為背後原來有其型號的恐懼及欲望。因為對自我更加認識，而開始自我成長。另一方面，也了解不同型號真的有很大的性格與價值觀的差異，了解自己與他人的型號模式都是無法改變的，在面對不同人的行為模式時也能更有同理心，理解對方的言行態度，也只是他的型號反應。從而改變自己的領導風格，趨向更好的同理、更好的理解、更好的溝通，不再堅持自己的模式，讓整個團隊氣氛發生變化，提升整體團隊的效率或績效。The history of Enneagram can be traced back to the wisdom of ancient civilizations 10,000 years ago. After assimilating with modern psychology in the 1960s, it became the contemporary Enneagram. Enneagram is not just a character taxonomy, it enables understanding of the core desires and fears behind one’s behavior. Besides being taught as business applications at renowned institutions such as Harvard, Stanford, and Beijing Tsinghua University, Enneagram is also a subject of training in major organizations. The key to a strong organization development is the leadership team and its people. The contemporary Enneagram is an excellent system that enables leaders to build empathy and interact better with members of the organization.

In this study, nine interviewees who were trained by Terence Wong in the complete Enneagram were selected and an in-depth interview was conducted for each of the types. The objective was to understand the impact of self-growth, leadership style, and team atmosphere and performance growth of respondents after receiving Enneagram training. From the interviews, it was found that the respondents were mostly self-centered before they were trained in Enneagram and they believed that their ideas, logic, and judgments were correct. They have perhaps seen some of their shortcomings, such as emotional, procrastination, and strong desire to control, but they are not aware of the reasons behind their actions and their blind spots.

The study found that after Enneagram training, people of different types develop more knowledge of themselves and are more aware of the fears and desires behind their behaviors. By knowing themselves better, growth occurs. They were able to develop empathy for people with different personalities and understanding that people react differently, thereby changing their leadership style. No longer adhering to their own model, thus, an overall improvement to the dynamics and performance of the team.