塑膠防腐蝕裡襯應用於市政建設之評估-以聯一公司為例

Abstract

污水下水道是現代化都市必需的公共設施,也是都市文明與生活品質的新指標。近年來政府為合理的處理下水道污水，採分流方式將雨水和污水的排水管分開，以自然留下的方式將污水送至處理廠。為此，生活雜排水不再受雨水稀釋，污水下水道管渠中污水的濃度也因此增高。現今污水管道、污水處理廠設施，又多為鋼筋混凝土材質建造，混凝土最怕腐蝕問題，腐蝕會縮短污水管道使用壽命，不論家庭污水、工業污水都容易產生硫化氫，經氧化後會變成硫酸並附著於水泥上，造成結構物中的鋼筋銹蝕、膨脹，長時間侵蝕更可能導致水泥結構物龜裂而崩塌。 在污水下水道設計建設的初期，我們就應該考慮在鋼筋水泥結構物上，加上防腐蝕材料，例如本研究案的主角：聚氯乙烯（PVC），高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）防蝕裡襯，以達到延長污水下水道管路的使用年限。假如我們的措施是有效的，因此延長了管道的壽命一倍或兩倍，這都可以為我們後代子孫節省重建經費，數千億甚至數兆元。 本研究報告，將從污水下水道管道腐蝕造成的原因、現今國內外使用防腐蝕材料的種類、各種防腐蝕材料的使用壽命探討，防腐蝕材料的加工，相關品質規範，到提出選擇建議，讓往後國內外的各項污水下水道管路建設，有個參考的方向。Sewage system is an essential element of a modernized public infrastructure, it is also an index of civility and quality of life in the municipality. Recently, in order to properly process sewage, Taiwan’s government separated rainwater pipelines from sewage pipelines to divert drainage flow into its respective processing plants. As a result, the sewage is no longer subject to dilution by the rainwater and the concentration of chemicals has vastly increased in the sewage pipes. The material constructs the sewage pipes and processing plants is mainly cement concrete. It is very vulnerable to erosion which shortens its life expectancy. Both household and industrial sewage tend release hydrogen sulfide, which then oxidizes to sulfuric acid that causes erosion of cement sewage pipes. The cement pipes will expand, crack and eventually collapse. During the early stage designing the sewage pipelines, the anti-corrosive materials should be considered for the protection of the concrete surface from sewage. In this project we look into different anti-corrosive materials such as Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) anti-corrosive lining, which are used to prolong the lifetime of cement sewage pipeline. If these protective measures are effective in prolonging the lifespan of sewage pipes up to twice as long, it can save up to trillions of dollars in expenditure on reconstruction for our generations to come. This report aims to put forth guidelines and reference for pipeline construction by analyzing the causes of pipe corrosion and comparing the quality and lifespan of domestic and foreign anti-corrosive materials and their respective costs.