不同強度環狀運動對能量消耗與肌肉損傷之影響

Abstract

目的：探討女性從事不同強度的環狀運動，對呼吸交換率(respiration exchange ratio , RER)、心跳率、運動自覺程度(rating of perceived exertion ,RPE)、換氣量、攝氧量、能量消耗與能量來源的差異及肌肉損傷之影響。方法:參與實驗的大專健康女性(年齡 25.4 ± 1.1歲、身高 163.6 ± 6.4公分、體重 55.6 ± 11.1公斤、體脂肪 25.5 ± 6.7%)，無心血管、高血壓及關節傷害之疾病。受試者先檢測肌肉損傷程度(最大等長肌力、關節活動範圍、圍長、肌肉酸痛指數)，接著採平衡次序法分別完成高頻低阻 (油壓阻力刻度一；節拍每分鐘100下) 、中頻中阻 (油壓阻力刻度三；節拍每分鐘80下) 、低頻高阻 (油壓阻力刻度五；節拍每分鐘60下) 三次不同強度環狀運動測驗，並於每次環狀運動測驗完後第一至第三天 (每隔24小時) 量測肌肉損傷程度。實驗使用MetaMax3B氣體分析儀連續監測運動狀態下的RER、心跳率、RPE、換氣量、攝氧量、能量消耗與能量來源。結果: 低頻高阻在RER (0.99 ± 0.01) 和RPE (14.3 ± 2.2) 顯著高於中頻中阻 (0.92 ± 0.05；13.7 ± 2.3) 與高頻低阻 (0.95 ± 0.05；3.1 ± 2.0) (p＜.05)。低頻高阻在換氣量(34.3 ± 5.1 L/min)和醣類能量來源(188.2 ± 53.4 K cal)顯著高於高頻低阻(31.4 ± 4.9 L/min；142.4 ± 42.9 K cal) (p＜.05)。低頻高阻在心跳率 (132.1 ± 10.1 beats/min)顯著高於中頻中阻 (127.4 ± 14.1 beats/min) (p＜.05)。而肌肉損傷的評估指標 (最大等長肌力、關節活動範圍、圍長)均在時間上產生顯著的變化 (p< .05)。結論: 1.操作環狀運動時，油壓阻力刻度較低、操作速度較快者，可消耗較多的脂肪。2. 操做油壓式的阻力訓練器材雖會出現肌肉功能的下降(如:最大等長肌力、關節活動範圍)，但在肌肉酸痛程度卻無顯著的改變。Purpose: To determine the effects of different circuit exercise intensities on respiration exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), ventilation (VE), oxygen intake (VO2), energy expenditures (EE), energy sources and muscle functions. Methods: Nine untrained females (age 25.4 ± 1.1 years, height 163.6 ± 6.4 cm, weight 55.6 ± 11.1 kg, body fat 25.5 ± 6.7 %) volunteered to participate in the study. The counter-balanced repeated measure design was adopted, whereby the participants underwent 3 different conditions: high-speed, low-resistance (HSLR); moderate-speed, moderate-resistance (MSMR) and low-speed, high-resistance (LSHR). RER, HR, RPE, VE, VO2 , EE, energy sources were measured with MetaMax3B in 3 different intensities, Muscle functions were measured immediately after the first to the third day (every 24 hours) after circuit exercise. Results: The RER (0.99 ± 001) and RPE (14.3 ± 2.2) for the LSHR were significantly higher than the HSLR (0.95 ± 0.05；13.1 ± 2.0) and the MSMR (0.92 ± 0.05；13.7 ± 2.3). The VE (34.3 ± 5.1 L/min) and the carbohydrates energy sources (188.2 ± 53.4 K cal) for the LSHR were significantly higher than the HSLR (31.4 ± 4.9 L/min；142.4 ± 42.9 K cal).The HR (132.1 ± 10.1 beats/min) for the LSHR was significantly higher than the MSMR (127.4 ± 14.1 beats/min). For muscle functions: maximal isometric voluntary contraction strength (MVC), active range of motion (ROM), circumferences (CIR) were significant changes during the time periods (p ＜.05). Conclusion: First, HSLR was a suitable exercise intensities for using lipid as energy when doing circuit exercise. Second, although hydraulic resistance training reduced the muscle functions (MVC, ROM), but did not change significantly in muscle soreness index (MSI).