戒嚴後期學院派文學雜誌分析—以《中外文學》為例

Abstract

1972年，臺灣大學外國語文學系所由當時台大外文系主任顏元叔與教授胡耀恆創辦學院派刊物《中外文學》，出刊至今不曾間斷，為臺灣文學與學術界提供重要平台。從期刊創刊到解嚴期間，臺灣歷經極其重大動盪，包含在國際地位面臨重挫，於外與美國斷交、退出聯合國；於內經歷領導人物辭世、直至1987 年解嚴等政治體制轉換，臺灣文壇一面仍承襲了1960年代經美援文藝體制引入發展的現代主義，一面因國府在外交上屢屢遭挫而讓臺灣對於主體性進行再辨識，可以說70年代是臺灣在政治、文化與文學上都出現轉向的時刻。本文將對雜誌進行疏理，初探是否透過《中外文學》在臺灣戒嚴後期（1972-1987）背後是否具特定意識形態？結論發現美國權力透過《中外文學》以不同方式體現在臺灣文壇，《中外文學》以現代西方學術工具為手段，重構一個以「中國文學」為核心的知識想像與民族敘事。In 1972, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures at National Taiwan University launched the academic journal Chung Wai Literary Quarterly, founded by then-department chair Yen Yuan-shu and Professor Hu Yao-heng. The publication has continued uninterrupted to this day, serving as a crucial platform for both Taiwan’s literary and academic circles. From its inception to the lifting of martial law, Taiwan underwent tremendous upheavals — internationally, suffering a major blow to its diplomatic status with the severance of ties with the United States and withdrawal from the United Nations; domestically, experiencing the deaths of political leaders and, eventually, the end of martial law in 1987. During this time, Taiwan’s literary scene both inherited the modernism introduced through U.S. cultural aid in the 1960s and saw the rise of local consciousness as the Nationalist government faced repeated diplomatic setbacks. The 1970s, therefore, marked a period of political, cultural, and literary shifts. This paper examines the journal to explore whether Chung Wai Literary in the later martial law years (1972–1987) carried a specific underlying ideology. The study concludes that the U.S. power was manifested in Taiwan’s literary sphere through the journal in various ways. Using modern Western academic tools as its method, Chung Wai Literary reconstructed a knowledge framework and national narrative centered on Chinese national identity.