新店區大豐社福館樂齡族在地老化、健康促進生活型態及學習滿意度之研究

Abstract

依據內政部統計資料顯示，我國65歲以上老年人口占總人口比率已達到14%之「高齡社會」標準，為因應老化所帶來人口結構衝擊及促進樂齡族群養成規律運動休閒習慣，目前各地方政府多開設有運動休閒課程供民眾學習，使社區民眾在熟悉的環境中擁有參與活動的機會、拓展人際互動，以維持身體及心理之健康。本研究目的係針對地方政府開辦之運動休閒課程，與樂齡族在地老化、健康促進生活型態及學習滿意度等面向，針對不同人口現況之差異性及影響所為研究，探究此類課程提供之適切性及是否符合該族群需求。研究使用問卷調查法，採便利抽樣方式，範圍以新北市新店區大豐社福館研習課程學員為研究對象，共發放700份問卷，有效回收505份，採描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析及皮爾森積差相關等分析統計，瞭解樂齡族參與該項課程之差異與影響。研究結果發現，參加者以女性居多且長期參與；自我實現及人際支持為健康促進最大效益；學習滿意度達滿意以上水準；樂齡族在地老化、健康促進生活型態及學習滿意度呈顯著相關。依據以上結論提供主辦單位在整體設施、課程內容設計再升級以提升鑑別度及增進人際關係、資源整合、改變經營管理模式等建議，以達到增加參與意願、促進樂齡族身心健康及提升行政部門服務績效等目標。

According to the Ministry of the Interior, the elderly aged over 65 have reached 14% of the total population, indicating Taiwan becoming an “Aged Society”. Local governments open more sports and leisure courses to enable citizens to interact with people in their familiar surroundings and maintain physical and mental health. The purpose of this research is to explore the impacts the sports and leisure courses have brought to local aging, health-promoting lifestyles and learning satisfaction. Demographic variables were applied to examine if the courses meet the needs. This research adopted questionnaire survey with convenient sampling and involved 700 course participants in Dafeng Social Welfare Hall with 505 valid questionnaires returned. Data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation analysis. The results showed that the participants were mostly women; self-realization and interpersonal support were the best benefits of health promotion; learning satisfaction was above satisfactory level. This research confirmed that local aging, health-promoting lifestyles and learning satisfaction are significant related. Local governments are suggested to integrate resources with neighboring sports centers, adjust to OT (Operate-Transfer) model, upgrade overall facilities, improve the uniqueness of course contents, and enhance interaction between the participants. These aim to increase the willingness of participation, promote physical and mental health of the elderly, and improve the local governments’ service performance.