視皮質損傷診斷評量之探究

Abstract

近十年來視皮質損傷(cortical visual impairment, CVI)的相關議題於醫療及教育界逐漸受到關注，主要的原因是這類的視功能損傷，能藉由正確的診斷評量及教導策略來改善。根據美國視障協會資料顯示，視覺障礙兒童中大約30～40%有CVI的問題(Roman, 2010)，是視覺功能損傷案例中人數攀升最快的一種。現今視障教育教師由於對CVI相關知識及後續教育介入所知有限，而面臨著艱鉅的挑戰。為避免孩童在接受醫學電子鑑定，可能再度腦傷的風險，以及負擔昂貴的醫療費用，本文整理國內外相關文獻，介紹使用方便且有效的CVI教育評量。期盼能使CVI教育工作者，在孩童視覺發展的關鍵期鑑別出CVI孩童，及時給予專業的教導策略，使其視功能獲得改善。

Over the past decade, the issues related to cortical visual impairment have attracted increasing amounts of attention in the medical and educational fields. The main reason is that this kind of visual impairment can be improved by correct diagnoses and educational interventions. According to information provided by the American Foundation of Blindness, there are 30 to 40% of children with visual impairment have CVI, which is one of the fastest-rising categories of visual impairment in the diagnosed population. Due to limited knowledge of CVI and follow-up education interventions, the teachers of visually-impaired children face daunting challenges. To avoid the risk of reoccurring brain injury again in processing medical images, along with expensive medical costs, this article collates relevant literature in order to introduce effective and convenient CVI education assessments. We expect the teachers of visual impaired children to be able to use these assessments to identify these CVI children during their critical periods of visual development and to be able to promptly provide suitable professional strategies with which to improve visual function of CVI children.