一所頂尖大學經濟弱勢學生扶助方案之方案改變理論評鑑研究

Abstract

本研究之目的在探討我國在高教深耕計畫第二期附錄一所提出「完善就學協助機制」在一所頂尖大學的實施成效，旨在透過方案理論評鑑的方式，先透過文件分析與訪談該校承辦扶助措施的行政人員，建構選取大學在入學扶助措施和就學扶助措施之方案改變理論，將扶助方案分為額外招生管道、經濟援助、學習輔導與生活關懷四大主軸。後續則訪談接受各項扶助方案的經濟弱勢大學生，經過分析與統整後，從學生的觀點探討方案的落實情形、成效與問題。最後，針對教育主管機關與選取大學提出本研究之建議，供後續政策規劃與各大學在弱勢學生扶助方案設計的參考。本研究之結論如下：一、本研究提出經濟弱勢學生扶助方案的方案理論與實施理論。二、入學扶助措施藉由額外招生管道能促進經濟弱勢學生申請意願與準備投入，並使其進入較好的大學，但分發方式仍影響學生後續就讀情形。三、經濟層面的就學扶助機制能減輕學生的經濟壓力，並減少學生前往校外打工的時間，惟多半仍選擇擔任校內工讀賺取費用；另核發時機仍待改進。四、學習層面的就學扶助措施確實能促進學生學習，達到更好的學習表現；在辦理形式上，則以各系辦理的小班制學習輔導較受學生青睞。五、生活關懷機制落實成效良好，有助於學生在心靈及情感上獲得更多支持，並且更能適應大學生活。六、弱勢學生扶助方案之方案理論與實施理論大致上成功，惟仍有待改進之空間。

This study aims to examine the Program effectiveness of the"Enhancement of Student Assistance Mechanisms" initiative, as outlined in Appendix I of the second phase of Taiwan’s Higher Education Sprout Project, at a selective university. By using a program theory evaluation approach, the study first implemented document analysis and interviews with administrative staff responsible for the university’s assistance programs to construct a theory of change regarding the institution’s admissions and educational support programs. The assistance programs were categorized into four main areas: additional admissions pathways, financial aid, academic support, and daily life care. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with economically disadvantaged students who had received assistance through these programs. Through analysis and synthesis of the interview data, the study explored the implementation, effectiveness, and challenges of the programs from the students' perspectives. Finally, the study offers recommendations for educational authorities and the selected university to inform future policy development and the design of assistance programs for disadvantaged students. The findings of the study are as follows: 1. This study successfully constructed both the program theory and implementation theory of support programs targeting economically disadvantaged students. 2. Special admission pathways enhance disadvantaged students’ motivation and preparation for applying to university and enable them to enter better institutions; however, the allocation process still affects students’ subsequent academic experiences. 3. Financial aid mechanisms help alleviate students' economic burdens and reduce the need for off-campus work, although many students still choose on-campus part-time jobs. The timing of disbursement, however, remains an area needing improvement. 4. Academic support measures have a positive impact on students' learning outcomes, with small-group tutoring sessions organized by academic departments being particularly favored. 5. Daily life care mechanisms are effectively implemented, providing emotional and psychological support that helps students better adapt to university life. 6. Overall, the program theory and implementation theory of the support measures for disadvantaged students proved generally effective, though there is still room for improvement.