大學社團領導經驗對成年人早期生涯發展影響之研究

Abstract

大學教育的目的應在培養學生生涯所需之全人能力，經由參與社團活動可促進學生多元能力之發展，並養成其適應未來的能力。而學生參與社團習得的能力是否對於其生涯發展有所影響，則有待做進一步的探討。本研究目的在於瞭解社團領導經驗與相關的生涯發展理論，以及研究對象的大學社團領導經驗與現今生涯發展的狀況，並探討研究對象的大學社團領導經驗對成年人早期生涯發展之影響。本研究採用質性研究訪談方式做為主要資料蒐集的方法。正式訪談時，以半結構式的訪談大綱來進行資料蒐集的工作。本研究採立意取樣的原則，尋找六位符合條件且願意提供豐厚內涵的研究參與者。以目前年紀在25至35歲之間，並於大學階段曾經擔任社團領導人的成年人為研究對象。本研究發現六位受訪者皆正值成年人早期的生涯發展階段，他們目前所扮演的生涯角色情況與比重都不盡相同。不同角色之間在生命比重中的消長是相互有關聯的，而工作與婚姻關係可視為個人生涯發展歷程中角色扮演的轉折點。大學社團領導經驗對成年人早期生涯發展之影響主要是在社交關係、自我發展、創造力發揮、智能激發與物質報酬的回饋這五方面，亦會對受訪者現階段所扮演的生涯角色以及生涯角色的比重產生影響。受訪者的大學社團領導經驗對現階段生涯角色扮演的影響主要在工作者、休閒者、家長、公民、配偶這五項，而在生涯角色扮演的比重方面則會產生或多或少的影響。

The purpose of this research is to discuss how the experience of leading college clubs influences career development in early stage of adulthood. The people who have ever leaded the college clubs and whose age between 25 to 35 years old are the research subjects. The study cases applied the semi-structured interview for data collection. The study utilized the “Life-Career Rainbow” proposed by Super in 1980 to analyze the six participants’ current status of nine kinds of career roles. The six participants are in early stage of adulthood. They act at present and the percentage of each kind of career roles are much different. The growth and decline of each career roles in their life are interrelated but in general, work and marriage are the most critical factors to influence personal career development. The influence of the college club leading experience on career development in early stage of adulthood are summarized in five aspects --- associates, autonomy, creativity, intellectual stimulation and material rewards. Nevertheless, such leading experience also affects their current career roles and the percentage of them. By this research, we found college club leading experience has greater influence on worker, homemaker, leisurite, spouse and citizen.