李塨《易》學淵源與特色探析

Abstract

李塨為清初經學家，著有《周易傳注》及《周易筮考》兩部《易》著。本文旨在探討李塨《易》學的淵源與特色。在淵源方面，考察李塨對毛奇齡《易》學與顏元實學思想的承繼、批判與開展。李塨承繼毛奇齡重視釋象及辨宋人圖書之學，但李塨主重卦說，不取毛奇齡移易說。在治《易》宗旨及釋義方面，李塨承繼顏元實學，重在明禮樂致用。李塨的《易》學觀為理寓於象，既重釋象，亦強調明人事之理。李塨重要貢獻是對清初考辨宋圖書《易》學的諸多看法加以彙整與抉擇，並提出個人的見解，使清初考辨圖書《易》的成果得以較全面呈現。

Li Kung was a famous Yi scholar in the early Quing Dynasty. He studies Yi and writes Zhouy-zhuanzhu. The purpose of this study is to discuss how Li inherits, criticizes and developsMao’s academic achievement, hoping to make clear the differences and the similarities between their learning, and further to point out the characteristics in Li’s Yijing learning and his influence on later development of Yijing learning. This study points out not only the standpoints of Li’s and Mao’s research on Yijing learning in either the Han or the Tang Dynasties; but also Li’s inheritance of Mao’s evaluating explaining diagrams and discriminating the paradigm of numerology in the Song Dynasty. Li puts emphasis on understanding the essence of etiquette and musical cultivation, and the practical application; and his mastering in Yawing manifests Yen Yuan’s essential claim of feasible practice. Li’s most important contribution lies in his survey and selection of different views of paradigm of numerology. In addition to providing his personal opinions, Li collects and selects other scholars’ viewpoints, which helps show the whole picture of paradigm of numerology in the early Qing Dynasty.