空服員工作壓力與休閒參與及生活滿意度關係之研究-以中華航空公司為例

Abstract

中文摘要 本研究目的為探討空服員休閒參與對工作壓力與生活滿意度的關係，休閒參與包含參與活動的類型、時間、頻率、地點等四個方面，本研究以國內中華航空公司空服員為研究對象並以0SI-2工作壓力量表及生活滿意度量表進行預試，經項目分析及信、效度的檢驗後於2008年4月01日起至4月30日，在中華航空公司台北地區組員派遣中心、待命室及各航線班機上，採便利抽樣進行正式施測。獲得有效樣本327份並透過描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子多變項變異性分析、斯皮爾曼等級相關、典型相關等方法進行分析，研究歸納發現： 1、 描述性統計以一般空服員已婚、無子女、年資11年以上； 26~35歲女性多於男性。顯示在解除壓力的休閒活動參與上不論男女皆以「運動健身類」為主，對於活動的時間和頻率都感到適中，而活動的地點並未因工作性質的關係而有所影響。不同背景變項之空服員其休閒種類、知覺參與時間、知覺參與頻率及活動地點均無顯著差異。其工作壓力在「上司賞識」得分最高、生活滿意度在「人際關係」最高。 2、 不同背景變項之空服員在工作壓力、生活滿意度上有顯著差異。 3、 休閒參與的頻率與時間和工作壓力及生活滿意度呈現正相關。實際參與的時間和頻率愈高，其生活滿意度也愈高；實際參與休閒活動的頻率和時間愈少，其工作壓力也愈高。 4、 工作壓力與生活滿意度典型相關有正相關。上司賞識的工作壓力愈高者，其工作與自我實現的滿意度也愈高。Abstract

Being a flight attendant, you need to face the jetlag caused by the continuous time zone change and the fatigue staying in different countries. Then what is the condition of their leisure activities? And do they satisfy with this particular life pattern? This issue is worthy to contemplate. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to look into the connection between flight attendant’s job stress, life satisfaction and their leisure activities. Additionally, to discuss the differentiation of such activities among flight attendants from various backgrounds. The study subject is the flight attendants of China Airlines through written questionnaires from April 1 to April 20, 2008. Totally 327 effective questionnaires are analyzed by descriptive statistical, factor analysis, MANOVA, chi-square test, and canonical correlation. The results indicate that: 1. The descriptive statistics is based on the married cabin crews, who have no children, and have served the company for over 11 years; age between 26~35 year old, female head count is more than male. The active time and its frequency are moderate, and the activity location has not had the influence by their job’s relations. There are no significant difference with different background cabin crews’ leisure type, consciousness participation time, consciousness participation frequency and activity location. Among demographic variables are significant differentiation between life satisfaction and job stress. 2. The awareness of the job stress and life satisfaction are also influenced the leisure activities involvement. The more active time and its frequency, the highest score of life satisfaction will be. And the less active time and its frequency, the highest score of job stress will be. 3. Job stress and life satisfaction have well related relationship. Those who has the highest score on “recognition from the boss”, their life satisfaction are also highest. As mentioned above, this study can be summarized that the higher frequency of leisure activity involvement, the better life satisfaction. Therefore, appropriate leisure activities can effectively reduce the work pressure and boost the overall life satisfaction. In the mean time, this can also be a useful reference material for industry.