教育部委託研究與政策決策之關聯性研究

Abstract

本研究以教育部就所管教育事務進行之委託研究為研究對象，旨在探討委託研究與政策決策之關聯性為何，以了解教育政策研究應用情形，並歸納研究應用之模式與影響研究應用的因素，據以提出促進研究應用之建議。 本研究為質性研究，以多元個案研究為取徑，主要以文件分析及半結構式訪談法進行資料蒐集。本研究所蒐集之實徵資料源自教育部所委託之六案教育政策研究案，共計訪談六名教育部行政人員及五名學術研究人員。經研究分析後發現，教育部委託研究之目的主要以解決內部需求和回應外部壓力為主。在研究應用情形上，委託研究案對於政策規劃層面之影響方式可分為直接影響、間接影響、潛影響/無影響等三種類型，尚有超出教育部原先設定研究目的或研究成效外之非預期影響。在研究的應用模式上，本研究所擇選之教育部委託研究個案，其應用模式以「過程模式」為大宗，惟解釋研究應用具複雜性，尚需多元探討及型塑新興理論模式來幫助理解及詮釋。在研究應用模式的理論形塑上，也有必要將「時間性」置入理論模型中，進一步探究研究應用的轉折與複雜性。再者，影響教育部研究應用之因素趨向「綜合模式」，影響因素包含：大環境成熟度、社會輿論與潮流、研究社群的因素、教育部機關組織的因素、連結因素，以及研究品質因素；其中，以研究品質為主要關鍵。最後，本研究根據研究結果與討論，提出促進教育政策研究應用之結論及建議，供政策當局與研究單位參酌。

This study aims to examine how the evidence of commissioned research is used or not used in educational policy-making in the Ministry of Education in Taiwan. Various models and influential factors of research utilization are also explored in the Taiwanese contexts. This is a multiple-case study, which is qualitatively driven. The case study data was mainly collected via semi-structure interviews and a documentary review. The six commissioned research projects by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan were analyzed as study cases. The interviewees consisted of six central civil officials from the Ministry of Education and five academic scholars from various research institutions. Ultimately, this study finds that the evidence of commissioned research enables to shape the result of the central education policy-making in indirect ways. This finding confirms the existing literatures. The purposes of the commissioned research projects are mainly for solving the internal needs of the central government and responding to pressures from the external as well. As for research impact on policy-making, direct impact, indirect impact, potential impact and unexpected impact are found in the study cases. It also finds that processual modem which synthesises the enlightenment model and evolutionary model has better explanation of the complexity and nuance of the research utilization. The further models of research utilization will be needed to enrich the analysis due to the complexity of research utilization. As for the building of theoretical models, it is necessary to include the notion of ‘time’ into the conceptualizing of research utilization. Furthermore, the comprehensive model, including broad environment, social context, research community, organization community, linkage and research quality factors, seems to have better explanatory power for influential factors of research utilization. Finally, the recommendations are proposed on the basis of research findings and discussion for their reference by government aouthorities and research institutions.