台灣產袋蛛科(蛛形綱：蜘蛛目)之分類研究

Abstract

本論文對台灣產袋蛛科蜘蛛行分類研究，主要至全省各地採集活體標本，並檢視師大生命科學系收藏之標本，以形態學方法於解剖顯微鏡（Leica Wild M3Z）下觀察雌、雄蜘蛛之生殖構造，並根據台灣的標本進行繪圖與測量。雌蛛外雌器以細剪剪下，並以10%KOH溶液加熱處理，以觀察內部的生殖構造。 研究結果將台灣產袋蛛科處理為3屬29種，新增１屬15種。其中馬蒂蛛屬（Matidia）為新紀錄屬；褶袋蛛（Clubiona corrugata Bsenberg et Strand, 1906）、千島袋蛛（C. kurilensis Bsenberg et Strand, 1906）、齒袋蛛（C. moralis Song et Zhu, 1991）、草綠袋蛛（C. viridula Ono, 1989）、長腿紅螯蛛（Cheiracanthium eutittha Bsenberg et Strand, 1906 ）與摩紅螯蛛（C. mordax L. Koch, 1866）等六種為新紀錄種；短棘袋蛛（Clubiona brevispina sp.nov.）、扇棘袋蛛（C. expansa sp. nov.）、腿距袋蛛（C. femorocalcarata sp. nov.）、鏟形馬蒂蛛（Matidia spatulata sp. nov.）、安通紅螯蛛（Cheiracanthium antungensis sp. nov.）、鐮形紅螯蛛（C. falcatum sp. nov.）、絲距紅螯蛛（C. filiapophysis sp. nov.）、台灣紅螯蛛（C. taiwanicum sp. nov.）與旋距紅螯蛛（C. torsivum sp. nov.）等九種為新種。台灣袋蛛（Clubiona taiwanica Ono, 1994）、高山袋蛛（C. bonicula Ono, 1994）與關山袋蛛（C. kuanshanensis Ono, 1994）處理為同種，以台灣袋蛛（C. taiwanica Ono, 1994）為有效名。另外，將日本袋蛛（Clubiona japonica L. Koch, 1878）與活潑紅螯蛛（Cheiracanthium lascivum Karsch, 1879）處理為疑問種。 本研究結果，除可增進對台灣袋蛛科蜘蛛資源和物種多樣性的瞭解外，並可作為將來袋蛛科之生活史、行為與系統演化等領域研究之基礎。The family Clubionidae (Araneae) in Taiwan is revised based on morphological observations. Specimens collected from Taiwan were examined and measured using a stereomicroscope. Female epigynum was removed and pre-cleaned with 10% KOH to examine the inner structures. Specimens examined in the present study were preserved in 70% ethanol and deposited in the Arachnological collections of the Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNUB-Ar). Twenty nine species in three genera of clubionid spiders are reviewed from Taiwan in this study; among which one genus, Matidia, and six species, Clubiona corrugata Bsenberg et Strand, 1906, C. kurilensis Bsenberg et Strand, 1906, C. moralis Song et Zhu, 1991, C. viridula Ono, 1989, Cheiracanthium eutittha Bsenberg et Strand, 1906 and C. mordax L. Koch, 1866 are newly recorded from Taiwan. Moreover, nine species, Clubiona brevispina sp.nov., C. expansa sp. nov., C. femorocalcarata sp. nov., Matidia spatulata sp. nov., Cheiracanthium antungensis sp. nov., C. falcatum sp. nov., C. filiapophysis sp. nov., C. taiwanica sp. nov. and C. torsivum sp. nov. are new to the science. Both Clubiona bonicula Ono, 1994 and C. kuanshanensis Ono, 1994 are considered as junior synonymies of Clubiona taiwanica Ono, 1994. Two species, Clubiona japonica L. Koch, 1878 and Cheiracanthium lascivum Karsch, 1879 are remained doubtful. The present study not only provides a basic knowledge for the diversity conservation of spiders in Taiwan, but also provides further opportunities on the studies of life history, behavior and phylogenetics of clubionid spiders.