翻譯策略之演變：以《簡愛》中譯本為例

Abstract

《簡愛》為英國作家夏綠蒂．勃朗特的著名代表作，自1847年出版以來，各國陸續推出不同的語言版本，時至今日仍是深受大眾喜愛的經典文學。在經典文學領域中，同一作品擁有多本譯本是常見的現象，隨著時代變遷和文化、語言的發展，不同譯者對於原作的詮釋會有所差別，採取的翻譯策略自然也會有所差異。因此，透過新舊譯本的比較，可以看出身處不同的時代背景如何影響譯文的呈現，以及譯本如何反映出當時代的語言規範和文化價值。本篇論文旨在比較《簡愛》首譯本與兩本現代臺灣中譯本之間的差異，採用文獻分析法，分析語料為1936年李霽野中譯本、2012年劉珮芳/陳筱宛中譯本和2013年陳錦慧中譯本，結合翻譯理論和英漢對比分析，檢視各譯本的譯文呈現及語言風格，並從詞彙和語法層次分析，歸納出臺灣現代譯本翻譯策略之演變。透過大量的譯例分析，可以觀察出首譯本和兩現代中譯本翻譯策略上不同的考量，李霽野的譯本受到所處時代詩學的影響，以保留原文形式為首，多採用直譯，注重對原文字詞的翻譯，行文脈絡可看出原文的痕跡；反之，劉珮芳/陳筱宛和陳錦慧的譯本則展現更為靈活的翻譯策略，意譯策略使用比例增加，融入更多在地化用語，針對中英語法的差異也有適時調整，以貼近中文的語用規範。筆者希望透過本次研究能更深入了解《簡愛》在不同時代背景下的詮釋和譯文呈現，為未來相關研究提供參考。

Jane Eyre, first published in 1847, is one of the popular British classics. With its popularity, it has been translated into different languages. It is common for classic literature to have multiple versions of translations. With the passage of time and the evolution of culture and language, translators' interpretations of the original work naturally vary. Therefore, comparing translations of different eras can help understand how the different historical contexts influence translators’ strategies, and reflect changes in linguistic norms and cultural values. This thesis aims to make a comparative analysis of three different Chinese translations of Jane Eyre: the first translation by Chinese translator Li Ji-yue in 1936, and the retranslations by Taiwanese translators Liu Pei-fang and Chen Xiao-wan in 2012, and Chen Jin-hui in 2013. By examining these three translations in terms of vocabulary and syntax, this study illuminates the shifts in translation strategies. It is found that Li Ji-yue's translation is significantly influenced by the poetics of the time. He prioritizes fidelity to the original texts, which results in his frequent usage of literal translation strategy. By contrast, it can be observed that translation strategies are more diverse in the two modern retranslations. Taiwanese translators also incorporate more localized terms, and make adjustments in syntax to align with modern Chinese linguistic norms.