俞樾《諸子平議》評析

Abstract

德清俞樾（1821-1907），字蔭甫，號曲園，晚清樸學大家，徐世昌（1855-1939）《清儒學案‧曲園學案》曰：「曲園之學，以高郵王氏爲宗。發明故訓，是正文字而務爲廣博，旁及百家，著述閎富，同、光之間，蔚然爲東南大師。」2《諸子平議》一書，是俞樾的代表作，可說是解子學訓釋的鉅著。此書仿效王念孫（1744-1832）《讀書雜志》而補其未及，識力之精，涉獵之廣，爲《雜志》之後，從事子學者不可或缺的典籍。然而，智者千慮，容或有失，《諸子平議》可議之處亦復不少，今就是書內容，作一綜合分析，以明其得失之梗概。

The prestigious Qing dynasty linguists, Yu, Yue（俞樾）is one of the leading figures in Chinese philology. His Zhuzi Pingyi（《諸子平議》）, which contains 2396 case studies of linguistic issues identified from various Chinese classics, has long been regarded as one of the most authoritative works in the literature of the field. Since its publication, Zhuzi Pingyi has been used as an essential reference by Chinese philologists and researchers working in classical Chinese philology. While Zhuzi Pingyi is comprehensive and meticulous in its analyses, a number of inaccuracies have been found in their discussions. The present study is an attempt at a penetrating study of the successes and failures of Yu's work.