國營事業經營運動代表隊之研究─以台電棒球隊為例

Abstract

台灣電力公司所經營的台電棒球隊就相關棒球歷史記載，從台灣光復後就有台電棒球隊相關參賽事載，是目前國內仍在經營運動代表隊中創立時間最早的球隊，尤其台電本身是國營企業，一般印象台電組織棒球隊目的，會受到台電本身是國營企業的關係，才會配合政府的體育政策經營至今，本研究蒐集台電棒球隊相關文獻、深度訪談法，特別就台電棒球隊組隊過程，來驗證最初組隊目的是否配合政府體育政策而成立，並分別就1945年至1960年台電在台灣光復後、1960年至1980年紅葉少棒帶動三級學生棒球發展、1980年至1990年台灣邁進世界業餘棒球五強、1990年至2006年面對職業棒球的競爭等四個時期，分析台電棒球隊在四個不同時期經營時所面臨內、外部因素及困境，且參考日本運動社會學者佐伯年詩雄所提及，日本企業從二次世界大戰後至今經營運動代表隊所產生現象做比較，來瞭解國營企業台灣電力公司所經營台電棒球隊，在現今運動代表隊職業化衝擊下，為何仍能以業餘運動組織模式，成立至今仍屹立不搖原因，並就台電棒球隊未來經營所遇到問題及發展做一建議。The Taiwan Power Company Baseball Team, also known as Taipower Baseball Team, was the oldest national representative sport team run by the Taiwan Power Company (Taipower). According to the history of Taiwan baseball, it was written that Taipower Baseball Team had taken part in some competitions shortly after the restoration of Taiwan in 1945. This team was believed to be the earliest baseball team which is still active now. To most people, the foundation of Taipower Baseball Team was related to the role of Taipower. Since Taipower was a government-run corporation, it seemed that it has the responsibility to cooperate with the government in the development of sports. That also explained why the baseball team is still active so far. The aim of this thesis was to collect related literature of Taipower Baseball Team and conduct in-depth interviews to verify whether the initial purpose of founding Taipower Baseball Team corresponded to the sport policy in Taiwan. This thesis will also analyze the inner and outer factors as well as the difficulties that Taipower Baseball team had confronted in four different periods: the role of Taipower after the restoration of Taiwan from 1945 to 1960, the zeal for the development of three classes of amateur baseball-elementary-level, junior-level, and senior-level-due to the rise of Hung Yeh Little League team from 1960 to 1980, Taiwan’s amateur baseball team ranked in world’s top 5 from 1980 to 1990, and the competition from professional baseball teams from 1990 to 2006. In addition, with the recourse to Japanese sport sociologist Sekai Shiso’s observation, this thesis intended to make a comparison with the phenomena that Japanese enterprises run representative sport teams after World War II in order to provide an insights into why Taipower Baseball Team can still survive as an amateur group underthe impact of professionalization. Finally, it will also provide advice on how to deal with the problems that Taipower Baseball Team may encounter in the future.