國中生與其父母之嘲笑風格及其同理心之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國中生與其父母之嘲笑風格及同理心的相關情形，並且檢驗不同性別國中生、以及國中生父親與母親在嘲笑風格與同理心之差異情形。研究者以「嘲笑風格量表精簡版」、「同理心量表」為研究工具，採用立意取樣，抽取五校738組學生與其父母，回收後之有效樣本為343位學生、360位父親及405位母親。結果顯示：（1）國中生父親與母親之嘲笑風格具有顯著差異，父親「喜被笑」與「喜笑人」特質顯著高於母親；在國中生父母之嘲笑風格的相關方面，父親的「喜笑人」與母親「喜笑人」、「喜被笑」達顯著正相關。（2）國中男生「喜笑人」顯著高於國中女生；國中女生在同理心普遍顯著高於國中男生。（3）父親「喜笑人」與子女「怕被笑」達顯著正相關；母親「喜被笑」、「喜笑人」與子女「喜被笑」、「喜笑人」具顯著正相關；子女「喜被笑」與「同理心」達顯著正相關；子女的「喜笑人」與「同理心」達顯著負相關。由本研究結果可知，父母與子女的嘲笑風格具有相關存在，且父親和母親分別與子女之相關情形不同。職是之故，研究者建議學校可辦理親職講座，向父母宣導正向的嘲笑風格，藉此間接改善子女之嘲笑行為；另外，由於國中生嘲笑風格與同理心有負相關存在，因此學校可藉由開設人際與同理心課程，輔導國中生之嘲笑行為。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between Pho-Phi-Kat and empathy of junior high school students and their parents. The measurements used were PhoPhiKat-30 Scale and The Interpersonal Reactivity Inventory. 343 junior high school students from 5 schools,360 their fathers and 405 their mothers participated in this study. The results are as followed:1）Among their parents, there were difference on Gelotophilia and Katagelasticism. Katagelasticism of fathers both had a significant and positive correlation with Gelotophilia and Katagelasticism of mothers. 2）On gender, there were differences on Katagelasticism and empathy. 3） Katagelasticism of fathers had a significant and positive correlation with Gelotophobia of children. Katagelasticism of mothers had a significant and positive correlation with Gelotophilia and Katagelasticism of children. Gelotophobia of children had a significant and positive correlation with empathy. Katagelasticism of children had a significant and negative correlation. After researches and analyses, three ridicule styles of parents had a correlation with children, school could offer educational activities to improve the ridicule style of parents. And three ridicule styles of students had a correlation with empathy, school could offer interpersonal and empathy courses to improve the ridicule style of students.