研發費用對台灣醫療器材製造業經營效率之影響

Abstract

醫療器材製造業作為高專業技術的產業,研究發展費用的投入十分重要。本研究以台灣上市上櫃醫療器材製造商之財務資料。分析研究發展費用對於醫療器材製造商經營效率之影響。第一階段將推銷費用、管理費用、研究發展費用、存貨、不動產廠房設備作為投入項, 營業毛利作為產出項。運用資料包絡分析法得出經營效率。再以 Tobit 迴歸做第二階段分析。將資料包絡分析法使用之投入項作為解釋變數,經營效率作為被解釋變數。最後分析研究發展費用對不同公司經營模式之經營效率的影響。研究發現,相較於其他類型醫療器材製造商,將製程委外或是對中風險產品投入研發的製造商,研究發展費用可對經營效率有更為顯著正向影響。販售對象僅有一般民眾的醫療器材製商,研究發展費用可對經營效率有顯著正向影響。但是同時有販售醫療院所的產品及一般民眾的產品時,研究發展費用反而對經營效率有顯著負向影響。因此公司在投入研究發展費用時,應當慎重考慮研發項目的選擇,也要考量公司自身資源,避免同時研發多領域。Investing in research and development (R&D) expenses is crucial for the medical device manufacturing industry, which relies heavily on high-level technical expertise. This study analyzes the impact of R&D expenses on operational efficiency in the medical device industry using financial data from listed medical device manufacturers in Taiwan. The first stage of analysis adopts Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure operational efficiency, using selling expenses, administrative expenses, R&D expenses, inventories, and property plantand equipment as inputs, and gross profit as output. In the second stage of analysis, it applies Tobit regression and uses inputsfrom the first stage as independent variables and operational efficiency as the dependent variable. Finally, it analyzes R&D expenses on the efficiency of different business models of companies. The results show that outsourcing the manufacturing process or investing in R&D for medium-risk products can have a positive impact on operational efficiency. Investing in R&D expenses can have a significant positive impact on the operational efficiency of medical device manufacturers that target general consumers as their primary customer base. However, when products of medical institutions and products of the general public are sold at the same time, R&D expenses have a significant negative effect on efficiency. When investing in R&D expenses, companies should carefully consider product selection and their available resources to avoid simultaneously developing multiple areas.