成就共享經濟的誘因-以日本二手物品流通市場銷售為例

Abstract

近年來，無論歐美各國，均提倡節能的同時也提高經濟效益。共享經濟的發思源自於小群眾的利己經濟行為。當促進某項經濟行為，為自己帶來豐厚的利潤時，便會產生正面積極心態，擴大至社會族群。以致於一人發想，周遭人群也隨之模仿，最後產生無限化利用自身資源產生經濟的可能性。 共享經濟有三個要點：一是共享平台，在共享經濟中處於核心問題。平台化重要的目標是什麼？就是把我們的資源集聚在平台裏，可以利用資源集約的效應，把一群人、有共同情懷的人、有共同追求的人聚在一起，同時提供需求供給匹配的服務。這就是平台化，現在平台化為什麼這麼順暢？有一個重要的基礎，就是互聯網平台實現共享的機制。互聯網已經深刻改變了我們的生活，這也是共享平台化存在的重要基礎。二是要有閒置資源，意味著共享經濟成本是比較低的；三是較多人的參與。現在互聯網中有一個長尾效應，通過技術的變化或者特別的商業模式，可以實現商業的可持續，這是有低成本優勢的，它強調“客戶力量”和“小利潤大市場”，也就是賺很少的錢，但是可以賺很多人的錢。

本研究報告中，將闡述以下共享經濟之誘因分析 (一) 共享經濟的現況與願景 共享經濟神話仍然是以美國的成功案例為借鏡，較為人所知的便是Uber。此一商業模式是否能成功，不僅僅是法規鬆綁，更需要有健康的產業環境和供需方能促成。 （二）以日本二手市場為例 透過日本官方經濟產業省「商業統計調查」所統計的二手市場普查中，檢視共享經濟平台的成功關鍵及日本二手物品流通獲利數據所帶來的龐大商機。 （三）共享經濟對於促進社會經濟與環境保護之利害分析 共享經濟對於節能與經濟體是否有衝突之處，有了節能，便少了製造，少了製造是否等同少了經濟成長與人力需求? 共享經濟所帶來的不僅僅是“共享”，還要能創造“經濟”奇蹟。

共享經濟是近幾年才被創造出來的名詞，其前身幾乎等同於二手物品的流通銷售。因此，本研究根據共享經濟的概念，借例日本的發展已至成熟的二手物品流通市場，以其商業行為與可發展的經濟條件探討國內共享經濟可著力之點。除了耳熟能詳的Uber以外，我們還能在既有的法規制度內，利用共享經濟的平台創造出財富與綠能環保。In recent years, both Europe and the United States, are promoting energy conservation while also improving economic efficiency. The idea of sharing the economy is derived from the economic behavior of the small group. When promoting an economic behavior, in addition to bring their own huge profits will have a positive attitude and extended to the social groups. So that one person thought, the crowd also followed the imitation, and finally produce unlimited use of their own resources to generate economic possibilities. There are three Key points to share the economy: To begin with the shared platform, which is the core issue of the shared economy. What are the important goals of platforming? The platform is to gather our resources, and then bring together a group of people with common feelings and pursuits, while providing demand for matching services. Why is platform so smooth now? There is an important condition, that is, the Internet to achieve the sharing mechanism. The Internet has profoundly changed our lives, which is an important basis for the existence of shared platform. Furthermore, there must be idle resources, means that shared economic costs are relatively low. Finally, there are more people involved. Now there is a long tail effect in the Internet, through technological changes or special business model, can achieve business sustainability, which is a low cost advantage, it emphasizes "customer pow-er" and "small profit in big market", that is, earn very little money, but making a lot of money from peoples. (Reference: MONDY DJ Zheng Liancheng: the sharing economy – characteris-tics, scenes and risks.）

This study will describe the analysis of the seductive factors of shared economy. 1. The status and vision of sharing economy. The sharing of economic myths is still based on the success stories of the United States, the most famous is Uber. Whether this business model can be successful not only by the improvement of the law, but also must have a healthy industrial environment and supply chain. 2. Take Japan as an example. Through the Japanese METI statistics of the secondary market, view the key to the success of a shared economic platform and Japan's second-hand goods profit data brought about by the huge business opportunities. 3. Analysis of the benefits of shared economy for the promotion of socioeconomic and environmental protection. Share the economy for the energy and the economy is in conflict. With energy saving, less manufacturing; is it equal to less economic growth and human needs? Sharing the economy is not just "sharing", but also should create "economic" miracle.

In recent years the name of "sharing economy" has been created by businessmen, whose predecessor is almost equivalent to the sale of second-hand items. Based on the concept of shared economy, this study is based on the development of Japan's mature second-hand goods circulation market, with its commercial behavior and the development of economic conditions, to explore the focus of domestic economic sharing. In addition to the well-known Uber, we can create wealth and green energy in the existing legal system and use the shared economy platform.