eTag應用於車位共享服務之研究
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2017
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近年來「共享經濟」一直是非常受到熱烈討論的話題，無論是Uber、Airbnb等。伴隨著社會發展和人們生活水準的提高，車輛的數量和密集度逐年增加，都會區停車困難已經是非常嚴重的民生問題。針對停車位不足的情況，臺北市長柯文哲要求相關單位提出「臺北市停車位共享計畫」，希望公家和私人大樓都可開放夜間或是沒有使用的停車場空位。「停車位共享」也是符合共享經濟的一種表現，也是解決都會區車位不足的一種方式，民眾外出上班時，可將家中閒置的停車位共享出來，一方面可以提供有需要在附近停車的民眾停車的選擇，再方面提供車位共享方也可以向停車需求方收取雙方合議的停車費用，如此一來，供需雙方都得到滿足，這就是共享經濟的具體表現。
本研究以eTag應用於車位共享服務為探討主體，因為臺灣ETC張貼eTag車輛數已超過670萬，高速公路用路人使用eTag支付國道通行費用之使用率更已經達九成以上。本研究分析成果顯示，透過eTag感應開啟柵欄的自動化門禁系統並以信用卡支付停車費是最好的停車位共享的服務模式。因此，若未來共享車位服務要推展使用在社區大樓停車場時，建議應該要結合現有停車場柵欄/鐵捲門之門禁管制並整合eTag感應，以讓車輛進出更符合便利性及安全性。
此外，本研究根據研究分析成果提出相關策略建議：(1)在公有停車停車資源錯置的情形下，應運用共享的精神並能被充分利用，即應從不同市場區隔(時段、區段)規劃有不同停車費定價，以為合乎公平並有效率的公有停車共享停車策略；(2)從停車位共享的精神，公有停車場應仍可彈性調整月租車位空間(即每月或每季的月租車輛應隨需求變動，應能預測某一周期可能有多少供需比，去合理設定有租約的車位)，並應設定不同時段之因地制宜，依市場與區位來推行策略。(3)從民間停車場推動的障礙分析中，首要乃共享車位供需媒合平台的建立，其中供給者的誘因機制即要有一規劃，必須有誘因吸引有共享車位的提供者，才能滿足停車的臨停需求或預約需求。
另一方面，本研究針對共享車位供需媒合平台的成功，乃著重供給面與需求面的重點因素。供給面重點因素：(1)不同類型車位(月租與臨停車位)之間的有效分配或整合性運作，應是供給面的首要因素；(2)公有停車場有賴地方政府支持與實質支援，包括法令調修、體制創新，以及委託廠商相關設備經費補助等；(3)私有停車場則對營運業者本身要有相當的誘因(特別是針對不同區域停車供需的地方，應有不同行銷策略)，再者停車場業者可藉由未來共享停車APP的商業應用，結合異業合作，除增加停車費收益外，亦可能產生其他獲益來源。需求面的重點因素:(1)強調未擁有私人車位者，能藉由共享車位使用，降低停車的使用成本。(2)強調擁有私人車位者，能藉由共享車位使用，增加個人收入，亦能降低整體停車使用成本。
本研究期待未來由eTag所架構出來的車輛識別及收費平台若運用於車位共享服務，將可成為解決各不同特性區域停車位不足的重要成功因素。
In recent years, "sharing the economy" has been very heated discussion of the topic, whether it is Uber, Airbnb and so on. With the development of social development and people's living standards, the number and intensity of vehicles increased year by year, urban parking difficulties have been very serious livelihood problems. In response to the lack of parking spaces, Taipei Mayor Ke Wenzhe asked the relevant units to put forward the "Taipei City parking lot sharing program", hope that public and private buildings can be open at night or not use the parking lot. "Parking space sharing" is also a manifestation of a shared economy, but also a way to solve the lack of parking spaces in the metropolitan area, people go out to work, the home can be idle parking spaces shared, on the one hand can provide parking in the vicinity of the public parking Of the choice, and then provide parking spaces can also be sent to the parking side of the parties to collect the cost of parking between the two sides, this way, both supply and demand are met, this is the specific performance of the shared economy. This study will use eTag as a vehicle-based sharing service to explore the main body, because Taiwan ETC posted more than 6.7 million eTag vehicles, highway use of eTag to pay the cost of using national routes has reached more than Jiucheng, by eTag structure If the vehicle identification and charging platform is used in the parking space sharing service, it can be a significant success factor in the parking space sharing service. The research proposal will be put forward in this research case The result of this study shows that the eTag based automated access control system with bank credit card payment is currently the best service model for parking space sharing applications.
In recent years, "sharing the economy" has been very heated discussion of the topic, whether it is Uber, Airbnb and so on. With the development of social development and people's living standards, the number and intensity of vehicles increased year by year, urban parking difficulties have been very serious livelihood problems. In response to the lack of parking spaces, Taipei Mayor Ke Wenzhe asked the relevant units to put forward the "Taipei City parking lot sharing program", hope that public and private buildings can be open at night or not use the parking lot. "Parking space sharing" is also a manifestation of a shared economy, but also a way to solve the lack of parking spaces in the metropolitan area, people go out to work, the home can be idle parking spaces shared, on the one hand can provide parking in the vicinity of the public parking Of the choice, and then provide parking spaces can also be sent to the parking side of the parties to collect the cost of parking between the two sides, this way, both supply and demand are met, this is the specific performance of the shared economy. This study will use eTag as a vehicle-based sharing service to explore the main body, because Taiwan ETC posted more than 6.7 million eTag vehicles, highway use of eTag to pay the cost of using national routes has reached more than Jiucheng, by eTag structure If the vehicle identification and charging platform is used in the parking space sharing service, it can be a significant success factor in the parking space sharing service. The research proposal will be put forward in this research case The result of this study shows that the eTag based automated access control system with bank credit card payment is currently the best service model for parking space sharing applications.
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Keywords
eTag技術應用, 共享經濟, 停車位共享, 供需媒合平台, eTag, sharing the economy, parking space sharing service, Matching-Service Platform