安倍內閣外交安全保障戰略與民主和平理論

Abstract

美國相對性地降低國力與放棄霸權體制等政策，以及中國崛起與北韓核武、飛彈開發，於東亞區域帶來勢力對立與軍事緊張，甚至威脅到日本國家安全。因此2012年組閣的第二次安倍內閣在2013年制定日本首次的「國家安全保障戰略」。日本外交方針自從「消極和平主義」轉換成「積極和平主義」。 本研究推測，因日本與近鄰國家間擁有不同政治體制，造成國際關係緊張的一部份原因。在國際社會裡能夠適用「民主和平理論」之假設下，使用文獻研究法進行以「普遍價值觀」外交為中心的安倍內閣外交安全保障戰略研究。 研究中發現，「民主和平理論」假設下，「普遍價值觀」外交係為了自由、民主主義、尊重基本人權、法支配當東亞區域的秩序，至民主和平不可或缺的政策。亦安倍內閣在「國家安全保障戰略」中提出以現實主義措施去擔保國家安全，然而威脅對象的選定標準與擁有「普遍價值觀」之國家作為日本夥伴的標準，皆為以根據自由主義的「民主和平理論」能夠做標準。

關鍵詞：國家安全保障戰略、積極和平主義、普遍價值觀、民主和平理論

The United States has reduced state power and abandoned policy such as hegemonic system in recent years. And the rise of China and the development of nuclear weapons and missiles in North Korea. It is bringing opposition and military tension in the East Asian region, and that even threaten Japan’s national security. Therefore, in 2012, the second Abe Cabinet formed the first "National Security Strategy" in Japan. Japan’s foreign policy has changed from “Negative Contribution to Peace” to “Proactive Contribution to Peace”. This research speculates, because neighboring countries have different political systems with Japan, It is causing a part of the reasons for the tension in international relations. Under the assumption that the international community can apply the "Democratic Peace Theory", this reseach is using Literature research methodology reached Abe Cabinet's Strategy of Diplomatic Security, especially "Universal Value" diplomacy. In research finded, under the assumption of "Democratic Peace Theory","Universal Values" diplomacy is for freedom, democracy, respect forfundamental human rights, and legal dominance as the order of the East Asian region. Abe’s cabinet proposed in the National Security Strategy, using realism measures to guarantee national security. However, the selection criteria for threat objects and the standard of a country with "Universal Value" as a Japanese partner, all can be based on the liberalismic "Democratic Peace Theory".

Keyword： National Security Strategy; Proactive Contribution to Peace; Universal Value; Democratic Peace Theor