呂氏攀蜥外表形態與棲地資源利用之研究

Abstract

呂氏攀蜥(Japalura luei)為台灣特有種，此物種的分佈僅限於宜蘭與花蓮北部，且數量稀少。相關的生態資料所知有限，本研究於2006~2009 年，在南澳闊葉林自然保護區內進行雌雄個體外表形態、棲地偏好與資源分配之研究。在本研究中，主要探討呂氏攀蜥其分佈範圍、棲地偏好、雌雄形態差異、族群結構與資源分配之研究。 調查中顯示呂氏攀蜥主要分佈於台灣東北部針闊葉混合林。雄蜥白天主要停棲於樹幹上，其次為分枝；而雌蜥白天選擇不同部位做為其停棲位置，主要停棲於灌叢上。以平均值來說，雄蜥日間停棲高度與寬度均較雌蜥大，而在夜間停棲偏好上兩者並無差異。除此之外，不同林相的停棲高度亦有差異。檢驗呂氏攀蜥雌雄兩性在下列身體部位上絕對以及相對長度的差異：體長、尾長、頭長、頭寬、前肢長、後肢長、最長指長以及最長趾長。結果顯示，雄性呂氏攀蜥除體長外，在所有身體部位的絕對長度皆較雌蜥為長，但將體型大小的效應排除之後，發現雄蜥的頭長與頭寬在比例上較雌蜥為長，但體長以及四肢長度卻皆較雌蜥短。 而另一部分主要討論雌雄個體間的資源分配以及兩組生態與形態間的關係：相對四肢長度與停棲環境、頭部尺寸與獵物尺寸。相對四肢長度與停棲環境間的 對應在不同性別內獲得支持：雄蜥停棲高度較高，且四肢也較長。然而頭部尺寸與獵物尺寸的對應關係沒有獲得支持，雖然頭部尺寸有顯著差異，食性種類重疊度卻非常高。本研究指出呂氏攀蜥在雌雄個體具有不同的棲地偏好，且獲得許多關於此稀有物種的生態需求，用以提供保育及經營管理上的資訊。Japalura luei is a rare and an endemic agamidae lizard in Taiwan. The distribution of this species is restricted to the neighborhoods of Ilan and northern part of Hualien. The information about its ecological requirements of this lizard are limited. From 2006 to 2009, we tried to investigate morphological difference between males and females, habitat preference and resource partition of J.luei in Nanao Broad- leaved Forest Nature Reserve. In this study, we tried to investigate distribution range, habitat preference, morphological difference between sexes, population age structure and resource partition of them. Our survey indicated that J. luei was mainly found near the mixed forest in northeast of Taiwan. The male lizards mainly were found on the main trunk, following by on the branch. While the females, choose to stay on different parts of the tree, mainly on the clump. On the average, the males and females markedly differed in perching preference during the day, but not different during the night. In this study, And different habitat preferences of J. luei are existed in different forest forms. We tested intersexual differences in size and shape of the following body parts: body length, tail length, head width, head length, forelimb length, hind- limb length, length of the longest finger, and length of the longest toe. The results showed that male J. luei were larger in size of some body parts, expect body length. After the effect of body size was accounted for, males had proportionately longer and wider heads, shorter body lengths and limbs. The another investigation focused on resource partitioning between the morphological relationships. The correspondence between relative limb lengths and perch habitat was found in different sexes: males and females differ in perch habitat and relative limb lengths, male perch higher than female with longer limb lengths.The correspondence between head size and diet was not found in two sexes. Feeding niche overlap was high in both sexes. We know the different microhabitat preference between different sexes, and the information about to ecological requirements of this rare species, this can provide information for the conservation and management strategy in the future for this endemic lizards.