大專院校職涯中心之學生職涯服務的個案研究

Abstract

本研究為個案研究，旨在了解大專院校職涯中心在達成其職涯輔導的宗旨過程中，具備哪些功能及服務項目，且該功能由何種運作方式來達成，在面對不同的利害關係人時，又面臨了哪些挑戰及因應方式。在研究方法上，採用訪談法及文件分析，透過訪談職涯中心人員、學生、教師、校友與企業，以及分析職涯中心所有的法規及其官方網站，拼湊出大專院校職涯中心目前所提供的功能、還可以增添的功能，以及該功能目前如何被運作，職涯中心又可以如何增進其運作方式。最後，再透過與不同利害關係人之訪談，羅列出個案學校職涯中心在面對校內其他單位、教師、學生、校友與企業時，各自面臨到了哪些挑戰。最後，綜合過往文獻及利害關係人觀點，擬出職涯中心可能的因應之道。根據研究結果，個案學校之職涯中心目前在功能上具有職涯發展的支持及職涯準備的充分兩大功能，而為了達成該功能，職涯中心透過體驗教育、職涯測驗、職涯資源利用宣傳、就業講座與就業市場了解之服務項目來支撐之。在運作方式上，個案學校之職涯中心將中心承辦人員視為資源整合者之角色，以整合校內外職涯資源；面對不同利害關係人如學生及企業，也能推行自助式服務以服務之。在可能的挑戰上，研究者發覺職涯中心在推行職涯議題時，容易受到校內其他單位之拒絕，且在面對學生時，普遍有宣傳成效不彰、學生對中心認識不足、未能評估不同性質學生需求以提供相應服務的情形。在面對企業時，則面臨了如何邀請到心儀的廠商進入校園徵才之困境；面對校友，則需再思索中心對於校友之服務提供範疇為何。本研究建議職涯中心能強化宣傳管道促進全校師生對中心之認識，且評估學生需求方能提出適合於學生的服務項目，更需完善合作網絡擴大職涯計畫之推動。在針對學生的建議上則分為兩部分，分別是主動尋求資源是開展職涯的第一步、持續探索方能勾勒自身職涯的樣貌。以及針對企業之建議則為應在就業博覽會時確實傳遞招募條件。在後續研究的建議上，分別是研究主題上可關注職涯中心與企業、校友各自的互動，以及研究方法上可以以量化分析追蹤校友職涯發展狀況，並回頭檢視系所培育目標。The case study is aims to understand the functions, operation of career center when achieving career guidance for students, also attempts to realize the challenges for career center when interacting with stakeholders, also focuses on the way to resolve these challenges. For research methods, the researcher adopts interviews and document analysis, by interviewing with career center staff, students, faculty, alumni, enterprise, and analyzing the rules or official website of career center, the researcher answers the questions about what functions do the career center have, and how do they operate the functions. From the perspectives of teachers, students, enterprise and alumni, should they add any function for students, and how can they enhance the operation for functions individually. Therefore, researcher lists the challenges for career center when they interact with stakeholders, also provides some ways to overcome these challenges.According to research results, career center provides the supports in career development and career readiness through experimental education, career test, rich resources, career lecture and the activities for knowing the market. When talking about the operations, career center views their staffs as integrators to integrate career resources. When facing the stakeholders such as students and enterprises, they offer self-service to deal with their problems. For challenges, researcher finds refusing is common, students are not familiar with career center, and career center also doesn’t provide appropriate services for every student. When facing enterprises, how to invite their topic company is the crucial challenge, and should career center have to offer services for alumni is another challenge when interacting with alumni.Researcher advises career center three tips, there are promoting more, evaluating accurately and completing their networking. For students, researcher provides tow suggestions, such as be more positive for their career development and seek for resources actively. For enterprise, researcher thinks they have to express the conditions precisely when recruiting in universities. For the future researches, researcher list two points, such as the topics and research methods for other researchers.