酒紅朱雀物種區劃研究

Abstract

酒紅朱雀（Vinaceus Rosefinch, Carpodacus vinaceus Verreaux , 1870）在傳統分類學上被認定有兩個亞種，即分布於喜馬拉雅山脈的C. v. vinaceus與台灣的C. v. formosana；然而由於兩亞種在地理分布上呈現高度不連續的狀況，且外形上的翼長和羽色亦有一定差異，因此這兩個亞種有可能在歷經長時期隔離的情形下，其分化程度已可認定為兩個獨立的物種。本研究以粒線體DNA中細胞色素b（Cytochrome b, Cytb）及粒線體細胞色素c氧化酶次單元I （Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, COI）基因為分子標記，對來自兩個酒紅朱雀亞種的樣本進行序列分析。經過鄰聚法(Neighbor-Joning)、最儉約法(Maximum Parsimony)、最大似然法(Maximum likelihood)及貝氏法 (Bayesian)等親緣關係樹的重構，發現兩個亞種的樣本各自形成獲高度支持的單系群。採用系統發育種的觀點，綜合型態分化，本研究建議可將酒紅朱雀兩亞種的分類地位提升為兩個獨立種。Vinaceus Rosefinch( Carpodacus vinaceus), is tranditionally recognized as two subspecies, which are C. v. vinaceus distributed in the Himalayas and C. v. formosana distributed in Taiwan. However, these two subspecies show geographically discontinuous distribution and differences in their wing-length and plumage color. Hence, I suspected that after the long-term isolation, these subspecies might significantly diverge from each other and should be recoginized as two independent species. Molecular markers as mitochondrial cytochrome b and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences were amplified from samples of two C. vinaceus subspecies . I used Neighbor-joining, Maximum parsimony, Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of these Rosefinch. The results revealed that samples from Mainland China and Taiwan formed two distinct monophyletic clades with high bootstrap support. Therefore by adopting the phylogenetic species concept, I recommend that the systematic status of C. vinaceus should be revised as two full species.