大專七人制橄欖球運動員等長大腿中段拉力量表現與爆發力、速度及敏捷性的關係

Abstract

目的：本研究旨在探討大專七人制橄欖球運動員等長大腿中段拉力量表現與爆發力、速度及敏捷性指標之間的關係。方法：本研究共招募 15 名大專七人制公開男生組橄欖球運動員。於同一測試期間，對運動員的肌力 (等長大腿中段拉)、爆發力 (蹲踞跳與擺手下蹲跳)、速度 (30 公尺衝刺) 及敏捷性 (Pro Agility、Cut 45°、5-0-5 及 T-test) 進行評估。根據力量—時間曲線，計算力量輸出與力量發展率的多種變量，以及跳躍高度。採用皮爾森積差相關係數分析各測量變項間的相關性。結果：等長大腿中段拉早期階段力量輸出 (30–100 毫秒) 與不同距離衝刺時間 (r = 0.525 至 0.720, p< .05) 顯著相關，後期階段力量輸出 (200–250 毫秒) 與擺手下蹲跳 (r = 0.518 至 0.523, p < .05) 顯著相關；等長大腿中段拉早期階段力量發展率 (0–30 及 0–50 毫秒) 與蹲踞跳力量發展率 (r = 0.550 至 0.653, p < .05)、擺手下蹲跳跳躍高度 (r = -0.575 至 -0.612, p < .05) 及不同距離衝刺時間 (r = 0.518 至 0.588, p < .05) 顯著相關。結論：等長大腿中段拉早期階段力量發展率與爆發力及速度指標密切相關，尤以早期階段力量輸出及力量發展率與 0–5、0–10、0–20 及 0–30 公尺衝刺時間之相關性最高，反映其能有效評估運動員於短時間內產生高強度施力之潛能。Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationships between Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull (IMTP) strength performance and indicators of explosive power, speed, and agility in collegiate male rugby sevens athletes. Methods: Fifteen male collegiate rugby sevens athletes competing in the university open category were recruited. During the same testing session, athletes were assessed for strength (IMTP), explosive power (squat jump [SJ] and countermovement jump with arm swing [CMJA]), speed (30 m sprint), and agility (Pro Agility, Cut 45°, 5-0-5, and T-test). Based on force-time curve, various variables of force output and rate of force development (RFD) were calculated. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between these measures. Results: Early-phase force outputs (30–100 ms) during the IMTP were significantly correlated with sprint times at various distances (rs ranging from 0.525 to 0.720, p< .05), Late-phase force outputs (200–250 ms) were significantly correlated with CMJA (rs ranging from 0.518 to 0.523, p < .05). Early-phase RFDs (0–30 and 0–50 ms) during the IMTP were significantly correlated with SJ RFD (rs ranging from 0.550 to 0.653, p < .05), CMJA height (rs ranging from -0.575 to -0.612, p < .05), and sprint times at various distances (rs ranging from 0.518 to 0.588, p < .05). Conclusion: Early-phase RFD during the IMTP was closely related with explosive power and speed indicators, particularly in relation to early-phase force output and RFD and their correlation with 0–5, 0–10, 0–20, and 0–30 meter sprint times. These results suggest that the IMTP can effectively assess an athlete’s potential to produce high-intensity force within a short period.