泰北來臺就學生的生涯選擇（自2000年迄今）

Abstract

臺灣面臨經濟、產業進步且處在更為國際化的發展下，對於人才資源的需求日益增加。從人才政策的攬才、育才及留才之層面而言，來臺灣接受過高等教育的學生，是政府與企業積極延攬為其所用之對象。泰北學生在臺完成高等教育後，影響他們選擇續留臺灣發展抑或返回僑居地工作之動向，為臺灣教育投資與人才政策上重要之背景。本研究以質性的方式，採用半結構式訪談研究法，藉由生涯發展理論的運用，針對16位已畢業與即將畢業之泰北就學生進行深度訪談。研究發現，選擇來臺灣念書的因素，主要以自我內在推力為主。選擇續留臺灣工作的共有11位，已畢業且留臺的5位受訪者表示，外在因素有：（一）臺灣的工作有成長空間、（二）臺灣薪資較僑居地高、（三）臺灣較為平等自由、（四）僑居地的限制等；內在因素則有：（一）感情、（二）自我生涯追求、（三）無法適應僑居地等。即將畢業的6位受訪者表示，選擇留臺外在因素有：（一）擔憂僑居地整體的生活環境、（二）臺灣的健保制度與自由、（三）臺灣就業市場與薪資較僑居地佳等，而內在因素主要是受自身價值觀影響。選擇離開的已畢業4位受訪者，外在因素有：（一）外籍身分在臺工作受到限制、（二）職場文化、（三）薪資待遇、（四）升遷機會等，與無法找到與自身興趣與專業的內在因素。而1位即將畢業選擇離臺的受訪者表示，過的快樂與健康的人生價值觀，是選擇離開臺灣最主要的因素。

最後提出加強泰北就學生續留臺灣可採取之方式，給予制度面、經濟面與文化面等參考意見，以期未來能有更多僑外生在臺灣成為優秀之人才資源。Taiwan is facing economic and industrial advancement, as well as a more internationalized development, the demand of human resource is increasing. From the perspective of recruiting, cultivating, and retaining talents in the talent policy, students who have received higher education in Taiwan are actively recruited and used by the government and enterprises. Once overseas Chinese students from Northern Thailand complete higher education in Taiwan, the effects for stay in Taiwan or return to their overseas residence to work, constitute an important background for Taiwan’s education investment and talent policies.This study adopts a qualitative approach, using a semi-structured interview research method and applying career development theory to conduct in-depth interviews with 16 Northern Thai students who have graduated or are about to graduate. The study findings reveal that the factors influencing the choice to study in Taiwan are mainly driven by intrinsic motivations. Out of the interviewed participants, 11 chose to continue working in Taiwan; among the five participants who graduated and chosen to stay in Taiwan, external factors are: (1) growth opportunities in current job, (2) Taiwan’s salary is higher compared to their home countries, (3) relatively equal and free environment in Taiwan, and (4) limitations in their home country, etc.; Internal factors included: (1) personal relationships, (2) pursuit of individual career development, and (3) inability to adapt to their home country. Among the six interviewees who are about to graduate and choose to stay in Taiwan, external factors include: concerns about the overall living environment in their home countries, (2) Taiwan's healthcare system and freedom, (3) better job opportunities and salaries in Taiwan, while internal factors are mainly influenced by their own values. The four participants who chose to leave Taiwan after graduating cited external factors: (1) restrictions on working in Taiwan as a foreigner, (2) workplace culture, (3) salary and benefits, and (4) career advancement opportunities, etc., while internal factors include the inability to find alignment with their own interests and professional goals. One participant who is about to graduate said that living a happy and healthy life values is the most important factor in choosing to leave Taiwan.Finally, suggestions are presented to strengthen the continuation of Northern Thai students’ stay in Taiwan, focusing on institutional, economic, and cultural aspects, with the aim of having more overseas students become excellent human resources in Taiwan.