家長參與方式對兒童參與新興休閒活動之影響研究-以樂樂國小射箭隊為例

Abstract

家長參與方式對兒童參與新興休閒活動之影響研究 〜以樂樂國小射箭隊為例 研究生：林正鳳 指導教授：李 晶 摘要 在兒童成長過程中，兒童的生活模式是由父母所安排。因此，讓兒童養成良好的休閒觀念與從事休閒活動習慣，應著手的是主宰兒童學習與成長過程的父母親。本研究之目的主要在於分析家長參與兒童新興休閒活動的方式，以及家長評估兒童參與新興休閒活動的特性、不同家長參與方式對兒童參與新興休閒活動之影響。本研究主要採用質性研究，針對七位在國小就讀時且參與射箭活動一年以上的兒童之家長進行深度訪談。共可得到結論為：一、家長參與方式可分為積極性參與、漸進式參與、被動式參與三種。二、家長評估兒童參與新興休閒活動主要受到價值觀；休閒企畫因子的社會氣氛；以及不變性、嚴密性、技術程度等特性影響。三、積極性參與的家長是積極參與、信任學校與樂意擔任志工，與擁有積極的「射箭」價值觀，場地以安全為優先考量，重視團隊精神以及基本的裝備；漸進式參與的家長對學校的活動也都樂意參與、支持孩子、信任學校，對於射箭活動也持有正面的價值觀，重視社會氣氛的因素；被動式參與家長也樂意參與學校各項活動，信任學校，對孩子有條件的支持，其價值觀較偏向自己孩子能從中獲益，重視場地的光線、空調及團隊精神。根據上述結論，本研究提出下列建議：一、對家長部分方面： 1、在適當時機以適當參與類型參與子女活動；2、多提升與子女的高層次互動溝通；3、信任與支持學校；4、參與學校活動，陪伴孩子成長。二、對學校方面：1、學校辦學要能取得家長充分的信任與支持；2、多以「溝通」為親職教育主題，以建構適合的親子溝通模式；3、休閒活動的落實，需要注意技能的指導。針對後續研究提出二點建議：一、以量化研究家長參與方式對兒童參與休閒活動之影響；二、以教師或教練、兒童的立場，探究家長參與方式對兒童參與休閒活動的觀點進行研究。

關鍵字：家長參與、兒童、新興休閒活動

A Research on the influence of methods of Parental Involvement in Children’s New Recreation Activities ~A Case Study on the Archery Team of Lolo elementary School Student：Cheng-fong Lin Adviser：Ching Li Abstract In the process of children’s growth, parents usually dominate children’s lifestyle. Therefore, children’s good concepts and habits about recreation activities could be established by educating parents who played a critical role in children’s learning. The purpose of this research emphasized on the ways of parental involvement in children’s new recreation activities, the characteristics of parental evaluation on children’s new recreation activities, and the influence of different ways of parental involvement in children’s new recreation activities. The research was conducted by qualitative study, using in-depth interviews with seven parents whose children used to participating in archery activities when they were in elementary school. The results were as following, 1. Participation methods of parents can be divided into enthusiastic participation, progressive participation and passive participation. 2. Parental evaluation on children’s new recreation activities were influenced by values; the social atmosphere of the recreation planning factors; and such characteristics as inflexibility, rigidity, skill level. 3. The enthusiastic parents who joined actively, trusted school and glad to be volunteer, deemed the relationships between parents and children important and possessed the optimistic value of “archery”, took the safety of place as first consideration, deemed it important that their children’s confidence and accomplishments, unite spirit and equipment obtained from archery activities. The parents who joined gradually were also glad to participated, supported children, trusted school, possessed positive value, deemed the characters of social atmosphere important. The passive parents also glad to participated school activities, trusted school, supported children with conditions, valued that children should get advantages from activities, deemed the light, air condition of ground, and unite spirit important. According to the conclusions , the research came up with the following suggestions: About parent: To participate children’s activities with suitable type in suitable time. To promote higher level communications with children more often. To trust and to be supportive to the school. To take part in the activities held by school in order to accompany children to grow. About school: To earn trust and support from parents. To use “communication” as the topic of the parental education more frequently to establish the suitable communicative type between parents and children. The fulfillment of recreation activities needs guidance of skills. We propose two suggestions for the further research of this topic: 1. To analyze the influence of ways which parental involvement toward children recreation by qualitative study.2. To explore the viewpoint of ways which parental involvement toward children recreation on the position of teachers, coaches, and children.

Key words: parental involvement, children, new recreation activities