口述影像在臺灣：公視新創電影個案分析
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2021
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Abstract
口述影像是將影像以口語方式呈現的閱聽服務，根據其定義可將其視為符際翻譯的一種，並因其應用範圍涵蓋教育、展覽、電視、電影、戲劇等，口述影像也屬於多媒體翻譯的範疇，但目前臺灣的翻譯研究卻較少接觸這個議題。口述影像透過將影像符號轉換成言詞符號，讓視障者得以用聽覺感受影像，並建構敘事。本研究以奈達功能對等的概念作為基礎，並使用漢語口述影像指導準則進行口述影像腳本的文本分析，除了檢視撰稿品質外，也藉此對目前漢語口述影像規範進行檢視和增補。本研究所分析的作品取自公視新創電影，挑選愛情片、恐怖片、寫實片三種不同文本類型的作品各一部。分析結果反映出漢語圈口述影像尚未針對文本類型進行規範，臺灣口述影像工作也需要受到更多重視和拓展。本研究期望透過彰顯這樣的需求，讓口述影像工作能見度提升，並以此增進政府、學界、民眾對於視障族群的認識，同時提升視障族群文化近用相關權益。
Audio Description is a type of media accessibility service that presents visual information in the means of auditory narration. Audio description can be defined as a form of intersemiotic translation and with its unique nature associated with audiovisual productions in settings such as education, exhibition, television, cinema, and theater, audio description can be categorized under the domain of audiovisual translation. However, in Translation Studies in Taiwan, very little research has been done on audio description. Audio description provides texts translated from images for the blind or visually impaired to create their own narrative.This research analyzed audio description scripts from Nida's functional equivalence point of view and utilized mandarin audio description guidelines to assess the quality of three audio described films made by Taiwan Public Television Service, including a romance film, a horror film, and a social realism film. Analyses showed that audio description guidelines in the mandarin world are too new to be followed by audio description practitioners and have yet to provide different describing strategies according to different text types. Therefore, the research added to the said guidelines and advised different approaches while dealing with films with different purposes. The research also shows that joint efforts from all sectors of society are needed to enhance cultural accessibility for the blind and visually impaired.
Audio Description is a type of media accessibility service that presents visual information in the means of auditory narration. Audio description can be defined as a form of intersemiotic translation and with its unique nature associated with audiovisual productions in settings such as education, exhibition, television, cinema, and theater, audio description can be categorized under the domain of audiovisual translation. However, in Translation Studies in Taiwan, very little research has been done on audio description. Audio description provides texts translated from images for the blind or visually impaired to create their own narrative.This research analyzed audio description scripts from Nida's functional equivalence point of view and utilized mandarin audio description guidelines to assess the quality of three audio described films made by Taiwan Public Television Service, including a romance film, a horror film, and a social realism film. Analyses showed that audio description guidelines in the mandarin world are too new to be followed by audio description practitioners and have yet to provide different describing strategies according to different text types. Therefore, the research added to the said guidelines and advised different approaches while dealing with films with different purposes. The research also shows that joint efforts from all sectors of society are needed to enhance cultural accessibility for the blind and visually impaired.
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Keywords
口述影像, 多媒體翻譯, 文化近用, 文本類型, audio description, multimedia translation, cultural accessibility, text types