電視新聞新手編譯之自導性學習
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2023
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Abstract
國際新聞的製作有別於一般新聞報導，是由編譯人員根據特定主題，篩選資料、翻譯和編輯而成。國際新聞的獨特性和複雜性，不止加深撰稿難度，也凸顯編譯工作和一般文體翻譯的不同，賦予編譯更多操控譯文的空間。過往針對新聞編譯的研究，主要著重平面新聞編譯，電視新聞編譯因其取材的困難度，較少被討論。而針對編譯人員的研究，主要探討編譯本身必須具備的語言和新聞編撰能力，或是專家與生手能力之比較，鮮少有研究針對新手編譯的工作內容和學習方式做分析，也缺乏新聞主管或是同儕對於新手編譯能力影響的討論。此外，新聞學術界和業界更是一直以來都存在著產學落差。為解決上述問題，本研究結合翻譯學和新聞學的觀點，以跨學科的方式探討電視新聞新手編譯的自導性學習歷程。筆者透過半結構式訪談和文稿分析來探討新手編譯在邁向專家之路上，所需具備的程序性知識、影響文稿產出的情境因素以及新聞主管和同儕是如何扮演學習鷹架的輔助角色。筆者透過質性研究探索，將編譯人員的內隱知識轉化為文字紀錄，整理出適合新手編譯的具體學習方向和方式，並釐清學校教育和業界落差的原因，提供有志擔任新聞編譯之學生、編譯課程教師和業界人士參考。
The production of international news is different from most news reports. It involves the selection of data, translation and editing by news translators. The uniqueness and complexity of international news not only increases the difficulty of production, but also highlights the differences between news translation and general text translation, giving translators greater control over the translated text. Previous research on news translation has mainly focused on print media, with less discussion of television news translation, mostly due to the difficulties involved in obtaining the relevant data. Studies on news translators have mainly examined the language ability and news writing skills they possess, or focused on the comparison of experts and novices. There has been limited analysis of the work content and learning approaches of novice news translators. There is also an absence of debate on how supervisors or peers influence the skills of novice translators. Furthermore, there has been a gap between the academic and industrial regarding to news translation.To address these issues, this study combines perspectives from translation studies and journalism to investigate the self-directed learning process of novice tv news translators. The author conducted semi-structured interviews and analyzed news articles to explore the procedural knowledge that novice translators need to acquire in their journey towards expertise, the contextual factors that influence article production, and how supervisors and peers serve as scaffolding support in the learning process. Through qualitative research, the researcher transforms the tacit knowledge of tv news translators into written words, and provides specific directions and approaches for novice translators to follow. The study also clarifies the reasons for the discrepancy between academia and industry, and provides a reference for students aspiring to become news translators, translation course instructors and industry professionals.
The production of international news is different from most news reports. It involves the selection of data, translation and editing by news translators. The uniqueness and complexity of international news not only increases the difficulty of production, but also highlights the differences between news translation and general text translation, giving translators greater control over the translated text. Previous research on news translation has mainly focused on print media, with less discussion of television news translation, mostly due to the difficulties involved in obtaining the relevant data. Studies on news translators have mainly examined the language ability and news writing skills they possess, or focused on the comparison of experts and novices. There has been limited analysis of the work content and learning approaches of novice news translators. There is also an absence of debate on how supervisors or peers influence the skills of novice translators. Furthermore, there has been a gap between the academic and industrial regarding to news translation.To address these issues, this study combines perspectives from translation studies and journalism to investigate the self-directed learning process of novice tv news translators. The author conducted semi-structured interviews and analyzed news articles to explore the procedural knowledge that novice translators need to acquire in their journey towards expertise, the contextual factors that influence article production, and how supervisors and peers serve as scaffolding support in the learning process. Through qualitative research, the researcher transforms the tacit knowledge of tv news translators into written words, and provides specific directions and approaches for novice translators to follow. The study also clarifies the reasons for the discrepancy between academia and industry, and provides a reference for students aspiring to become news translators, translation course instructors and industry professionals.
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電視新聞編譯, 生手與專家, 自導性學習, 鷹架理論, TV news translation, novice and expert, self-directed learning, scaffolding theory