尿溼警示結合影音提示訓練智能障礙學童主動如廁行為模式

Abstract

本實務報告旨在對於一名極重度智能障礙學童，設計一套主動如廁訓練模式，首次結合尿溼警示器、如廁動作教學影片與廁所標誌圖卡，並依據「身心障礙相關之特殊需求領域課程綱要」生活管理學習重點來架構如廁訓練計畫；教學期間也同時透過逐步褪除提示策略以及家長與個管老師偕同執行等因素，逐步養成智能障礙學童主動如廁行為能力。訓練結果顯示，此主動如廁行為模式架構不僅能有效使試用對象建立主動如廁行為，且不論學校以及家中皆能獲得顯著的訓練成果與長期保留成效；期望透過此訓練架構模式，提供未來相關教育工作者及家長參考。

This practice report aims to design an active toilet training model for a child with a very severe intellectual disability, combining for the first time a urinary alarms, a toilet action teaching video and a toilet sign card, and to structure the toilet training programme in accordance with the"Curriculum Outline for Special Needs Areas Related to Physical and Mental Disabilities" life management learning focus; During the teaching period, through the gradual removal of prompt strategies and the implementation of factors such as parents and special education teachers, the ability of children with intellectual disabilities to take the initiative to go to the toilet is gradually developed. The training results show that this active toilet behavior pattern structure can not only effectively enable the trial subjects to establish active toilet behavior,but also obtain significant training results and long-term retention results in both school and home; It is hoped that through this training architecture model, it will provide reference for future educators and parents.