混成式運動訓練對發展協調障礙兒童動作能力之影響

Abstract

動作發展是人類一切行為的基礎，而發展協調障礙 (Developmental Coordination Disorder, DCD)兒童因先天動作能力缺陷，導致抗拒與排斥活動，進而產生肥胖或沒自信等問題發生。若沒有接受適當介入，此情形將可能延續至成人階段，然而，並不是每個家庭皆擁有足夠的資源能提供兒童運動機會，因而成為健康危險因子的惡性循環之一。本研究採前實驗法，以便利抽樣方式，選取九位國內六至九歲DCD兒童為研究對象，透過每週實體兩次、線上同步視訊一次的課程方式，進行一週三次，每次四十分鐘，共六週之混成式運動訓練課程，並邀請三位相關領域之專家，共同檢驗編排課程內容之適當性，透過兒童動作測驗第二版 (MABC-2)，進行介入前後之檢測，希冀藉由建構混成式運動訓練模組，藉以檢驗其對發展協調障礙兒童之各項動作能力效益與其對兒童動作總分之影響，解決普遍家庭無法負擔一週多次運動課程之時間及金錢成本等問題。研究結果發現六週混成式運動訓練能有效改善兒童動作能力，且介入後所有兒童皆無動作協調障礙問題，能力提升為常模標準以上，綜合上述，混成式運動訓練可改善兒童動作能力及障礙程度，因此建議未來可增加控制組，擴大研究時程與規模，以更有效度檢驗此教學方式，並針對不同年齡進行比較，以提供醫療與教育等實務場域，最適介入年齡，幫助DCD兒童增加休閒活動次數、提升動作能力，為此族群創造更多福祉。

Motor development is the foundation of all human behavior, and children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) experience congenital motor skill impairments, leading to resistance and avoidance of activities, resulting in problems such as obesity or low self-confidence. Without appropriate intervention, this condition may persist into adulthood. However, not every family has sufficient resources to provide children with opportunities for physical activity, thus contributing to a vicious cycle of health risks. This study employed a pre-experimental design and Convenience Sampling to select ten DCD children aged six to nine within the country as participants. A blended learning movement training program, consisting of physical sessions twice a week and synchronous online video sessions once a week, was conducted for six weeks, with each session lasting forty minutes. Three experts from relevant fields were invited to jointly examine the appropriateness of the curriculum content. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (MABC-2) was used to assess the children's motor skills before and after the intervention. By constructing a blended learning movement training module, the study aimed to examine its effects on various motor abilities of children with DCD and their overall disability scores, addressing the issues of time and financial costs associated with families' inability to afford frequent exercise programs. The results of the study indicated that the six-week blended learning movement training program effectively improved children's motor abilities. After the intervention, all children no longer exhibited motor coordination difficulties and demonstrated abilities above the normative standards. In summary, blended learning movement training can enhance children's motor abilities and reduce the severity of their impairments. Therefore, it is recommended to include a control group, expand the research duration and scale in future studies to more effectively evaluate this instructional approach, and compare different age groups to provide optimal intervention ages for medical and educational practitioners. This will help increase leisure activity frequency and enhance motor abilities for children with DCD, thus promoting their overall well-being.