從事太極拳運動對老年人下階梯著地動作之影響
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2011/08-2012/07
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背景：藉由主動從事太極拳運動減緩老化所造成的運動能力退化，期望能提升運動能力、減少下階梯時可能跌倒的風險與衝擊力。目的：本研究主要透過運動生物力學分析，探討參與太極拳運動老年人在功能性動作控制上的效益。方法：規律從事太極拳運動老年人15位為研究對象，與先前計畫之無運動組老年人14位進行比較。以Vicon攝影機、兩塊測力板與Noraxon無線肌電同步收集下階梯著地與著地後前行的運動學、動力學與肌電參數進行分析探討，並以Biodex量測膝關節與踝關節之等速肌力。結果：太極拳組下階梯時有較快速度，著地時有較大跨步長、水平地面反作用力與μr FS。前導腳除了矢狀面踝關節力矩外，在矢狀面的關節活動度、關節力矩與無運動組沒有差異；太極拳組在著地時的衝擊力與負荷率較小，且踝關節有較多緩衝的趨勢。在著地後前行動作上，太極拳組有較大推進力、步長；在支撐腳上，太極拳組有較大矢狀面髖、踝關節活動度與關節力矩，且髖關節在額狀面提供更多的緩衝。太極拳組膝（伸展／屈曲）、踝關節（蹠屈／背屈）等速肌力為149.8%、85.0%、64.7%、32.4% (TQ/BW)。結論：太極拳這項運動對於老年人在下階梯著地與著地後前行的動作上，無論是減緩衝擊、或是在前行的動作轉換上，皆有良好之效果。
Background: Doing exercise actively for improving physical abilities of elderly adults is the most important in order to decrease the fall risk and impacts in stepping down. Purpose: To investigate the kinetics, kinematics and lower extremities muscles EMG differences between Tai Chi exercise and normal elderly when stepping down, in order to understand the effects of Tai Chi exercise on the lower extremities muscles control and coordination and joint moments between two groups. Methods: Fifteen Tai Chi elder participants and fourteen normal healthy elder ones of other similar experiment would be recruited. Ten Vicon high-speed cameras (250Hz), two force plates (1000Hz) and Noraxon wireless EMG system (1500Hz) will be synchronized to collect data. The isokinetic strength of knee and ankle joint were measured by Biodex S4. Each subject will perform stepping down and then forward walking. Differences in variables between groups were tested using t-test (α< .05). Results: TaiChi group had greater descending speed, stride length of contacting the ground, horizontal ground reaction forces and μr FS. Except the sagittal ankle moment, there were no significant differences in sagittal range of motion and joint moments of leading leg. While contacting the ground, lesser impacts and loading rate (LR) were caused by more ankle absorption in Taichi group. The isokinetic strength of TaiChi group showed as following: knee (extension / flexion) and ankle (plantar flexion / dorsiflexion) as 149.8%, 85.0%, 64.7%, 32.4% (TQ / BW). Conclusion: Whatever absorbed the impact or translated to forward walking during stepping down, TaiChi exercise enhanced the performance in elderly.
Background: Doing exercise actively for improving physical abilities of elderly adults is the most important in order to decrease the fall risk and impacts in stepping down. Purpose: To investigate the kinetics, kinematics and lower extremities muscles EMG differences between Tai Chi exercise and normal elderly when stepping down, in order to understand the effects of Tai Chi exercise on the lower extremities muscles control and coordination and joint moments between two groups. Methods: Fifteen Tai Chi elder participants and fourteen normal healthy elder ones of other similar experiment would be recruited. Ten Vicon high-speed cameras (250Hz), two force plates (1000Hz) and Noraxon wireless EMG system (1500Hz) will be synchronized to collect data. The isokinetic strength of knee and ankle joint were measured by Biodex S4. Each subject will perform stepping down and then forward walking. Differences in variables between groups were tested using t-test (α< .05). Results: TaiChi group had greater descending speed, stride length of contacting the ground, horizontal ground reaction forces and μr FS. Except the sagittal ankle moment, there were no significant differences in sagittal range of motion and joint moments of leading leg. While contacting the ground, lesser impacts and loading rate (LR) were caused by more ankle absorption in Taichi group. The isokinetic strength of TaiChi group showed as following: knee (extension / flexion) and ankle (plantar flexion / dorsiflexion) as 149.8%, 85.0%, 64.7%, 32.4% (TQ / BW). Conclusion: Whatever absorbed the impact or translated to forward walking during stepping down, TaiChi exercise enhanced the performance in elderly.