國際運動組織規劃運動永續實踐策略之研究

Abstract

自從聯合國於1987年首次提出「永續」的概念，包含國際奧會在內的各大國際運動組織亦陸續呼應聯合國永續發展目標，從國際運動組織到我國運動組織，都逐步發展屬於各自組織的永續計畫或策略。若能探討國際運動組織發展符合組織願景或賽會目標的永續計畫，將有助於推動國內運動組織執行永續策略規劃。因此本研究目的為透過組織所在地域環境與政府政策，瞭解國內外組織運動組織背景與發展現況。接著蒐集永續意識與國內外運動組織永續作為之相關研究，並以策略規劃與利害關係人為理論基礎，進行文獻探討。本研究方法為透過文本分析法，蒐集永續、策略規劃與利害關係人理論相關文獻，擬定訪談大綱並進行深度訪談，8位研究參與者分別為5位國外運動組織高層管理者，與3位國內運動組織領導者，再輔以三角查證、長期涉入，加強本研究信實度。本研究結果呈現運動組織在永續發展策略上的現況、規劃階段、外部影響因素及策略管理進行探討，並透過實務經驗分析運動組織如何因應資源限制、社會期望及政策要求推動永續發展。本研究結論針對國際運動組織永續實踐現況、國內外運動組織永續策略發展階段與過程、國內外運動組織永續策略發展過程與利害關係人的關係，提出適合我國運動組織與國際賽會之共通性永續政策；研究建議則提出學術與實務層面上，運動組織進一步發展永續發展實踐的共通性策略。Since the United Nations first introduced the concept of"sustainability" in 1987, major international sports organizations, including the International Olympic Committee, have responded to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. From international sports organizations to domestic sports organizations, each has gradually developed its own sustainability plans or strategies. Exploring how international sports organizations develop sustainability plans aligned with their vision or event goals can help promote the implementation of sustainability strategies in domestic sports organizations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the background and current development of both domestic and international sports organizations through the lens of their regional environment and government policies. The study first reviews research related to sustainability awareness and sustainable initiatives in sports organizations worldwide, using strategic planning and stakeholder theory as the theoretical foundation. A literature review is conducted accordingly. The research methodology employs document analysis, collecting literature related to sustainability, strategic planning, and stakeholder theory. Based on this, an interview outline is developed, followed by in-depth interviews. The study involves eight research participants, including five senior executives from international sports organizations and three leaders from domestic sports organizations. Triangulation and long-term engagement are used to enhance the reliability and validity of the study. The findings present the current state of sustainability strategies in sports organizations, their planning stages, external influencing factors, and strategic management processes. Through practical experience analysis, the study explores how sports organizations address resource constraints, social expectations, and policy requirements in promoting sustainable development. In conclusion, the study proposes common sustainability policies applicable to both domestic sports organizations and international sporting events, focusing on the current sustainability practices of international sports organizations, the stages and processes of sustainability strategy development, and the relationship between stakeholders in this process. The study also provides academic and practical recommendations for sports organizations to further develop universal strategies for implementing sustainable practices.