外籍家庭看護工在長者照護與生活適應中的資訊行為研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討印尼籍家庭看護工於臺灣從事長者照護與生活適應歷程中的資訊行為，包含其資訊需求、尋求方式、使用策略、面臨之障礙與分享行為。隨著臺灣高齡化進程加速，外籍看護工已成為長照系統中不可或缺的照護主力，惟其資訊獲取與應用常受語言、制度、文化等因素影響，尚待深入瞭解。本研究採用質性研究方法，透過半結構式深度訪談，蒐集15位來臺工作五年以上之印尼籍家庭看護工的經驗。資料分析以Wilson資訊行為模型為理論基礎，並輔以Berry文化適應理論與Fisher等人之資訊場觀點，進行主題分析與詮釋。研究結果指出，受訪者在照護技能、醫療資訊、法律權益與生活適應等面向均展現高度情境導向之資訊需求。資訊尋求主要依賴Google、YouTube與同鄉支援，並透過社群平台如WhatsApp進行資訊交換與情緒支持。然而，其資訊行為亦受到語言能力、數位素養、雇主支持與時間限制等中介變項之影響。資訊分享行為不僅具實用性，也呈現社群連結與文化認同的功能，反映資訊行為在跨文化適應歷程中的關鍵角色。本研究補充既有理論對移工資訊行為實務面向的理解，並提出建立多語資訊平台、強化溝通橋樑與數位能力培養等政策建議，以提升資訊可近性與移工福祉，深化照護現場的資訊支持結構。This study explores the information behavior of Indonesian live-in caregivers in Taiwan, particularly focusing on how they seek, use, and share information during eldercare and cultural adaptation processes. As Taiwan faces rapid population aging, foreign caregivers have become a vital part of the long-term care workforce. However, their access to and engagement with information are often constrained by linguistic, cultural, and structural factors, highlighting the need for deeper investigation. Adopting a qualitative research approach, this study conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 15 Indonesian caregivers who had worked in Taiwan for more than five years. The analysis was guided by Wilson’s model of information behavior and supplemented with Berry’s acculturation theory and Fisher et al.’s theory of information grounds. Findings revealed that caregivers exhibited highly context-sensitive information needs, particularly in areas such as caregiving skills, medical information, legal rights, and everyday adaptation. Their information-seeking strategies relied heavily on digital tools such as Google and YouTube, as well as interpersonal networks including fellow caregivers and online communities like WhatsApp. Their ability to act on information was significantly shaped by intervening variables, including language proficiency, digital literacy, time constraints, and employer support. Furthermore, caregivers actively engaged in information sharing, which not only facilitated practical knowledge exchange but also fostered social bonding and cultural identity within migrant communities. This study extends existing theoretical perspectives by illustrating the practical dimensions of migrant information behavior in caregiving settings. It also offers recommendations for developing multilingual information platforms, strengthening communication channels, and enhancing digital empowerment to improve information accessibility and migrant caregiver well-being in Taiwan’s eldercare system.