臺北市公共自行車深夜時段使用特性探討

Abstract

臺北市公共自行車系統(YouBike)自2009年3月營運至今，已成為臺北市民眾日常生活中慣用的公共運輸載具選項之一。不同於捷運及公車，公共自行車具備24小時營運特性，為探討公共自行車於深夜時段(0至6時)之使用特性以及檢視熱門租賃站周邊環境特性，本研究主要透過臺北市資料大平臺取得臺北市公共自行車租借紀錄，選取2018至2019年共24個月租賃站內租借紀錄，每一筆完整資料包含借車日期、時間與場站、還車時間與場站。資料經過前處理計194萬8,222筆旅次進入分析，以敘述統計呈現臺北市公共自行車深夜時段使用特性，另針對臺北市公共自行車深夜時段租借統計資料結合其所在位置，以核密度估計、套疊分析及環域分析等空間分析方法歸納出夜間熱門區域及站點周邊環境特性。本研究發現臺北市公共自行車系統深夜租借尖峰時段為0至1時，離峰時段為 3至4時，同站借還使用時間較甲借乙還長、假日使用時間較平日長，使用型態以30分鐘內甲借乙還方式為大宗，還車租賃站位置較借車租賃站位置為分散，熱門租賃站及路線周邊設施反映大學生通勤、商圈夜間活動及大眾運輸轉運等使用特性。Taipei City Public Bicycle-Sharing System (YouBike) has been in operation since March 2009, and it has become one of the common transportation options used by people in Taipei City in daily life. Unlike the MRT and bus, the public bicycle-sharing system operates 24-hour. In order to explore the usage characteristics of public bicycles in the late night (from 0 to 6 am) and the environmental characteristics surround the popular public bicycle stations, this research obtains the public bicycle rental records in Taipei City from the Taipei City Open Data Platform, and selects the rental records from 2018 to 2019. Each complete data includes the borrowing and returning date, time and rental stations. After pre-processing of the data, a total of 1,948,222 trips were selected into the analysis and using descriptive statistics method showed the usage characteristics of Taipei City Public Bike System during the late night hours. Also using the Spatial Analysis methods such as Kernel Density Estimation, Overlay Analysis and Buffer Analysis methods to examine and summarize the environmental characteristics surround the hot spots for public bicycle usage and the popular public bicycle stations. This study found that the peak period of late night rental in Taipei public bicycle system is from 0 to 1 o'clock, and the off-peak period is from 3 to 4 o'clock. The average rental time during holidays are longer than the average rental time during weekdays. The hot spots where users rented the public bicycles are more discretely than where users returned the public bicycles. The surrounding facilities of the popular bicycle stations and routes reflect the use characteristics of college students commuting, night activities in the business district, and public transportation.