學生對基因相關概念瞭解之研究
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2009
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Abstract
本研究為一跨年齡學生基因相關概念之研究，目的為探究國中、
高中、大學學生對基因相關概念之瞭解，比較不同年齡學生基因相關
概念之異同，探究學生之基因相關概念的縱向發展，以及學生在整合
基因相關概念時產生的困境。基因相關概念既多重複雜又緊密相關，
為深入瞭解學生之概念，本研究將與基因相關的概念區分為下列四個
項目：「一般基因概念」、「基因物質」、「基因與表現」、「基因決定論」。
並針對上述四個項目分別設計問題，以十名國中八年級學生、十一名
高中二年級學生、十一名高中三年級自然組學生、十一名大學生物相
關科系學生為研究對象，進行半結構型晤談，以期能夠探究不同年齡
學生對基因相關概念的瞭解。晤談結果採用質性研究的分析方式，並
進行跨年齡分析比較。獲得之結果呈現出學生的部份基因相關概念隨
著年齡增長而成長，變得越來越豐富；部份基因相關概念隨著年齡增
長而增加，從無到有增加了與分子遺傳學相關的概念；部份基因相關
概念隨著年齡增長而有所改變，從接近古典遺傳學的概念逐漸轉變為
接近分子遺傳學的概念；部份基因相關概念固著而穩定，並不隨著年
齡增長而有所改變；以及同時擁有古典遺傳學的基因相關概念與分子
遺傳學的基因相關概念的學生，難以區別釐清兩邊的基因相關概念，
因而可能造成其學習上的困難。整體看來學生的基因相關概念隨著年
II
齡增長而逐漸變化，增加了分子遺傳學的概念，但古典遺傳學的概念
並未消失，因此概念變得更加豐富，然而因為無法清楚區別兩種遺傳
學的概念，也會因此而產生概念學習上的困難。
This cross-age study is carried to analyze high school and college students’ understanding of gene-related concepts, to unravel and compare relevant conceptual developments throughout high school education. Difficulties encountered during conceptual coordination are also discussed. Our research focuses on probing into students’ core concepts about genes, i.e. understanding of genes and other associated notions. To clarify the complexity of genetic abstractions, four divisions are made to examine students’ understanding: 1. General knowledge; 2. Genetic materials; 3. Genes expressions; 4. Genetic determinism. Questionnaires are designed according to the divisions, and 10 eighth-grade, 11 11th-grade, 11 12th-grade, 11 college students majoring in biology are interviewed in a semi-structural style. Results of interviews are analyzed with qualitative research methods and compared cross-agedly. Analysis reveals that some concepts develop and expand into partial mixture with molecular genetics, some modify from pro-classical to pro-molecular, and some remain fixed. Some students have simultaneous classic-genetic and molecular-biological genetic conceptions but cannot seem to differ between two sides, and thus experience difficulty integrating their conceptual framework. Overall, students’ gene-relevant concepts develop with time, adding molecular genetics to classic notions that are not replaced, thus building up a bigger genetic lexicon. However, difficulty in differentiation of the two disciplines may obstruct learning.
This cross-age study is carried to analyze high school and college students’ understanding of gene-related concepts, to unravel and compare relevant conceptual developments throughout high school education. Difficulties encountered during conceptual coordination are also discussed. Our research focuses on probing into students’ core concepts about genes, i.e. understanding of genes and other associated notions. To clarify the complexity of genetic abstractions, four divisions are made to examine students’ understanding: 1. General knowledge; 2. Genetic materials; 3. Genes expressions; 4. Genetic determinism. Questionnaires are designed according to the divisions, and 10 eighth-grade, 11 11th-grade, 11 12th-grade, 11 college students majoring in biology are interviewed in a semi-structural style. Results of interviews are analyzed with qualitative research methods and compared cross-agedly. Analysis reveals that some concepts develop and expand into partial mixture with molecular genetics, some modify from pro-classical to pro-molecular, and some remain fixed. Some students have simultaneous classic-genetic and molecular-biological genetic conceptions but cannot seem to differ between two sides, and thus experience difficulty integrating their conceptual framework. Overall, students’ gene-relevant concepts develop with time, adding molecular genetics to classic notions that are not replaced, thus building up a bigger genetic lexicon. However, difficulty in differentiation of the two disciplines may obstruct learning.
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Keywords
遺傳學, 基因, 基因相關概念, 跨年齡研究, genetics, gene, gene-related concepts, cross-age study