研究發展處

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    我國國民教育向下延伸之探討
    (國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1992-06-??) 林朝鳳
    近年來,由於民主思潮的影響,教育機會均等的理想,逐漸受到各國的重視,因此如何為全體國民提供較長年限的、普及的、全民的、免費的國民教育,乃成為各國共同努力的目標,所以國民教育向下延伸,不但是世界先進國家之重要發展趨勢,也是今後我國教育發展之必然趨勢。本文就「我國國民教育向下延伸」加以分析探討。 首先,就國民教育向下延伸的背景與因素加以分析,以探討國民教育向下延伸的必要性與重要性。 其次,從教育機會均等的觀點及世界各國幼兒教育概況中,尋求幼兒教育應有的發展方向。 第三,從我國幼兒教育現況的檢討與問題的探討,分析目前國民教育向下延伸可能遭遇的困難。 最後,根據研究結果,提出數項建議,以作為發展和改進我國幼兒教育和因應國民教育向下延伸的參考。
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    海峽兩岸國(初)中課程內涵之比較研究
    (國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1994-06-??) 林朝鳳
    課程是學校教育的核心,國民申學的教育目標能否達成,課程設計是否完善,實為主要因素之一。因此國民中學課程的設計與實施已成為國民教育上的重要問題。自民國76年政府宣佈台灣地區解嚴,兩岸交流日益活絡,在此同時,除了應對大陸地區的教育概況有所瞭解之外,實有必要針對兩岸文化、教育狀況加以比較、研究。因此本研究乃針對「兩岸國(初)中課程內涵」加以分析、探討。首先,分別分析台灣與大陸兩地區的初中課程內涵,包括課程演變、現況與未來發展,同時對課程實施現況進行實施成效分析;其次,比較與檢討兩岸國(初) 中課程內涵的異同與優劣;最後根據研究結果,提出數項建議,以作為發展與改進我國國民中學課程的參考。
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    國民中學公民與道德科教師手冊編輯方式及內容編選之研究
    (國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1996-06-??) 林朝鳳
    現行公民與道德科教師手冊內容包括「國民中學公民與道德科教學概要」與「國民中學公民與道德科教學單元」兩部分。此一編選方式與內容,是否能達到教師手冊之期望以及理想教師手冊之編輯模式,乃值深入研究探討。此外,由於目前國民中學課程標準已修正完成,並將開始實施,因此更希望藉由檢討教師手冊之編輯方式與編選內容,找尋更合宜的編輯方式,以期在新課程標準公佈實施後,提供公民與道德科教科用書編輯委員會編輯教師手冊之參考。 根據上述動機,本研究的目的,具體言之如下:(一)分析公民與道德科教師手冊的目的與功能。(二)探討國內外教師手冊之編輯方式與編輯重點。(三)調查了解國中教師對現行公民與道德科教師手冊內容的意見與需求。(四)歸納研究結論,進而提出理想教師手冊的編輯模式,以作為今後編輯教師手冊的參考。 本研究主要採用文獻分析與問卷調查,兼顧理論探討與實況分析兩方面,以深入了解教師的實際需求。根據本研究之發現,歸納數項結論,並據此提出若干建議如下:(一)結論: 1.目前我國教師手冊的性質,乃以協助教師準備教學與提供教學參考資料為主。 2.教師對現行國民中學公民與道德科教師手冊之編輯,大多可以接受,並深感有所助 益。 3.不同背景的教師對未來國民中學公民與道德科教師手冊之意見與求,頗為一致。 4.由於行政措施未能充分配合,以致無法充分發揮教師手冊之功能。(三)建議: 1.應建立教師手冊編輯發展模式。 2.應建立良好配發、推廣制度。 3.需提供必要而充足的行政配合與支援。 4.需提高教師與行政人員的專業知能與素養。
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    皮亞傑的認知發展理論及其在幼兒教育上的意義
    (國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1986-06-??) 林朝鳳
    Jean Piaget, a Swiss epistemologist, is famous for his research of children's cognitive development. He focuses his study on intellectual development, therefore, his theory is named "theory of intellect" or "theory of intelligence" This study is mainly to research Piaget's cognitive development theory and analyze its application to early childhood educa-tion. Theoratical analysis method is used. First, the source of thoughts of Piaget is explored. Second, his fundamental concepts such as schmata, assimilation, accommodation, equili-brium, cognitive structure, cognitive function, and cognitive content are analyzed. Third, the "Theory of stage (period)" including sensory-motor period, preoperation period, con-crete operation period and formal operation period is studied. Fourth, some influences from his theory are offered as follows: 1).The goal of early childhood education is to cultivate creative power of children. 2).Curriculum design must match the order of cognitive developmental period. 3).Teaching strategies should be based entirely upon children. 4).Cognitive conflict hypothesis is applied to instruction and focused on the balance of self-regulation. 5).Social interaction is used for devising teaching strategies.
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    從教育機會均等論我國幼兒教育的發展
    (國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1984-06-??) 林朝鳳
    Early childhood education influences harmony and progress in individual, family, and society. Today, to make theii people well-developed under equal educational opportunity, all advanced countries invest a lot in early childhood education. Consequently, compulsory education extending and developing down-wards becomes a necessary approach. Because our society has changed and education has popularized, the people consider early childhood education indispensable and urgent. This, however, also brings many problems worth concerning and worrying. To intensify early child-hood education, to make developing plans, and to design perfect curriculum actually needs investigating hard to fulfill the functions of early childhood education. This thesis consists of four parts as follows: (1) A definition of equality of educational opportunity, and an introduction of the strategies to carry out this equality. (2) An analysis of the importance of early childhood education based on psychology, social structure, and equality of educational opportunity. (3) A survey of the developments of early childhood education in leading nations, including America, England, France, Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union, and an analysis of their common approaches. (4) An investigation of the insufficiency and problems of early childhood education in the Republic of China, and a proposition to improve and develop early childhood education in the Republic of China according to this investigation and the common approaches in the world.