師大學報
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Item Remarks on the Phonological Structure of Mandarin Chinese(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1992-06-??) 黃黃金本論文主要在探討國語的音韻結構，共分四部份討論之：（一）音位和它們的實際發音情形；（二）音韻成份；（三）詞音位的變化；（四）音位的排列次序和組成。在本論文中，首先我們提出國語有十九個輔音，五個元音，四聲調和一個輕聲調。接著，我們分析每一個音位的組成分子。然後我們探討國語中詞音位的變化情形。最後我們討論國語中音位的排列次序和組成情形。Item 國語複音詞形成與結構的研究(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1985-06-??) 方祖燊In the first part of the article, this author intends to investigate the origin of Chinese polysyllabic words. The Chinese language was originally an isolated language, or monosyllabic language which means each word has only one syllable, representing one meaning. The author maintains that as lives became more complicated, monosyl-labic words became insufficient to describe all the phenomena which occurred. Monosyllabic language also has a disadvantage of too many different words having the same pronunciations. Since Chinese words are very easy to be rearranged, different meanings can be expressed by putting different monosyllabic words together. Many new words were thus formed, and the Chinese language developed into a polysyl-labic language. In the second part of the article, five types of the structure of Chinese polysyl-labic words are investigated: Combination, Derivation, Duplication, Addition, and Translation. Each type can be classified into several sub-types, and each sub-type can be grouped into even smaller categories. 1) Combination can be classified into five subtypes, such as Reorganization, Specification, etc. And Reorganization has five smaller groups, such as Parallel, Complement, etc. Specification has six smaller groups, such as metaphor terminology, etc. 2) Derivation can be classified into ten subtypes, such as Binary, Roll-Ups, etc. The sub-type Roll-Ups has three small categories, such as Alliteration, Non-Alliteration, etc. 3) Duplication can be classified into three small categories, such as Double-Duplication, etc. 4) Addition can be classified into Front-Addition, and Rear Addition. 5) Translation can be classified into Translation-by-sound, Trarislation-by-meaning, etc. The Fang's classification of the structure of Chinese polysyllabic words is very meticulous, the theory well supported, and the examples adequately presented. From this article, the formation of Chinese polysyllabic words can be fully understood. There is a trend for 'ChinItem 國語語法與功用解釋(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1986-06-??) 湯廷池The present paper attempts to provide plausible explanations for Chinese sentences which are cognitively synonymous yet superficially different. Altogether 18 sentence struc-tures in Chinese along with their variant forms are discussed and their communicative functions explained on the basis of four principles: From Old to New Principle (a prag-matic principle), From Light to Heavy Principle (a rhythmic principle), From Low to High Principle (a syntactic principle), and Prom Close to Distant Principle (an empathy princi-ple). Furthermore, these same principles have been applied to the corresponding sentence structures in English to investigate whether similar sentence constructions in the two lan-guages perform similar communicative functions.Item 國語形容詞的重叠規律(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1982-06-??) 湯廷池It has been pointed out by Professors Charles N. Li and Sandra A. Thompson (Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar, p. 33) that not all adjectives in Chinese can undergo reduplication and that there does not appear to be any rule governing which adjectives can be reduplicated and which adjectives cannot. The present paper argues that, contrary to Li and Thompson's analysis, there are very general rules concerning reduplication of adjectives in Chinese. The reduplication of monosyllabic adjectives, for example, is mainly dependent on a semantic consideration as to whether adjectives express an objective assessment or an subjective evaluation. The reduplication of disyllabic adjectives, on the other hand, is constrained not only semantically but also morphologically (e.g. whether the adjective is a subject-predicate construction, a verb-object con-struction, a verb-complement construction, an endocentric construction or a coordinate construction, and whether the constituent morpheme is free or bound) as well as stylistically (e.g. whether the adjective is colloquial or literary in usage). In passing, the syntactic functions of Chinese adjectives in general and a distinction between the adjectival use and the adverbial use of reduplicated adjectives have also been discussed.Item 國語「語音」與「讀音」的整理(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1990-06-??) 張孝裕教育部國語推行委員會為了簡化、統一國語「一字多音」的字音。這項「一字多音」計分為「正讀、又讀」「語音、讀音」和「岐音異義」三類。 首先把常用字表4808字與次常字表6341字中，有這三類的字選出，再按國語辭典、中文大辭典、中文辭源等十四種書中把這些字音錄出，作為審定的參考。 本文只就「語音、讀音」部分整理所得119字提出討論。Item 國語的雙賓結構(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1977-06-??) 湯廷池Item 國語、英語、日語句法的對比研究(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1978-06-??) 湯廷池Item 國語語法的主要論題(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1983-06-??) 湯廷池The present work is a critical review of Charles N. Li and Sandra A. Thompson's Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar as well as a synthetic survey of current issues in Chinese syntax, which include among other topics: (1) Is Chinese really an isolating language? (2) Is Chinese really a monosyllabic language? (3) Is Chinese a topic-prominent or a subject-prominent language? (4) Is Chinese an SOV or and SVO language; (5) What are the basic morphological structures and morphological rules in Chinese? (6) How can subject and topic be distinguished from each other? (7) How can the definiteness and the reference of a noun phrase be determined in Chinese? (8) What is the basic constituent structure of a noun phrase and pronominal modification in Chinese? It is hoped that the review will be a contribution to modern linguistic analysis in general and a better understanding of Chinese syntax in particular.Item 國語的關係子句(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1979-06-??) 湯廷池Item 國語疑問句的研究(國立臺灣師範大學研究發展處, 1981-06-??) 湯廷池The present work is a detailed investigation and analysis of interrogative sentences in Chinese. Section 1, an introduction, specifies the objective and scope of the study. Section 2 discusses pragmatic functions of questioning in general and presents a detailed analysis of four types of Chinese questions: particle questions, disjunctive questions, V-not-V questions and interrogative-word questions. Special emphasis is laid on the discussion of concordance between the positive-negative polarities of answer particles and anwer sentences, coocourrence restrictions between in-terrogative particles and various types of questions, and syntactic changes involved in V-not-V questions. It is suggested that all types of questions may be reduced to, or derived from, disjunctive questions. Section 3 gives a detailed analysis of interrogative words in Chinese, their interrogative use and non-interrogative uses, which include the comprehensive use, the indefinite use, the correlative use, the exclamatory use, and the rhetorical question. It is found that the non-interrogative uses of interrogative words bear a close relationship with their interrogative counter-parts in pragmatic as well as semantic function. Section 4 then examines the syntactic behaviors and constraints of embedded questions. It is pointed out that in addition to the embedding of indirect questions, direct questions may also occur as the sentential object of the verbs of direct questions, assumption, and judgment. The pragmatic functions of these verbs, together with the scope of question involved, are discussed in some detail in contrast to other types of verbs. Finally in Section 5, a conclusion, the difference in interpretation of embedded questions is shown to be a natural consequence of the embedded direct and indirect questions, and the difference in the scope of questioning involved.