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文學院
國文學系
中國學術年刊
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中國學術年刊
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「未慶」與「見慶」──〈坤.初六.文言傳〉「積善之家,必有餘慶」說及其疑義辨析
(
國文系
,
2017-03-??
)
陳芝豪
;
Chen, Zhi-hao
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學者們在討論〈坤 .初六.文言傳〉「積善之家,必有餘慶」時,大都指出積善之後,喜慶在「最終」是會獲得。但是一般人在積善之後,「遲未」見喜慶的到來,就有可能放棄繼續行善。因此對於人們雖有「積善」之舉,何以沒有「馬上接著」看見「喜慶」出現?這樣的疑義則要加以釐清。首先本文發現積善的發展乃是,順小善→積小善→漸大善,這樣的發展進程。其次得出,起初積累其善,或許還未見喜慶,然而能夠「遠離禍災」,即是積善之後的馬上回報。堅持繼續積善,就可獲得喜慶。此即是「積善→禍已離→見喜慶」的過程。最後得出,積其善且盡其職,應有喜慶出現才是,卻是尚未見慶。此乃在積善過程中,亦有犯錯積惡而有災殃產生,善與惡相抵消,故未能見慶。在改過除殃之後,就可獲得履道大成的喜慶。此即是「積善→積惡有殃→除殃→見喜慶」的過程。
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