武術散手比賽得分動作技巧判定之檢驗與分析---以2002年釜山亞洲運動會為例

Abstract

武術散手比賽得分動作技巧判定之檢驗與分析 ---以2002年釜山亞洲運動會為例 完成日期：2008.06 研 究 生：鄭至坤 指導教授：劉有德 摘 要 「散手」、「散打」在台灣稱為「國術擂台」、「徒手賽」、「打擂台」，為了將武術推向競賽化、國際化，需要制定一套更安全、更明確的競賽規則與制度，裁判工作的執行過程是否嚴謹，確實影響比賽的勝負及該項運動的順利推展。 以2002年第十四屆釜山亞洲運動會武術散手比賽，取樣十場比賽後加以剪輯，邀請具有國家級（A級）或實際擔任全國等級比賽的裁判8名，對相同比賽進行兩種不同計分方式的實驗判決。結果發現，一、將各受試者(裁判)以計次器的計分方式及以紙筆方式做為紀錄工具判輸贏結果的一致性，做單一樣本T考驗，達顯著性差異，顯示在相符程度及準確性方面是不能等同。二、兩種給分方法會有不同輸贏結果的比賽，輸贏的分數差距較小；而兩種給分方法的輸贏結果相同的比賽，因實力差距較大，給分差距也較大，因此，在實力接近時，用不同給分方式，就會影響輸贏的結果。；三、將裁判所記錄判決之各項技巧得分加以統計，並依照每一種得分技巧得分多寡加以排名， 所得到的結果是，主要得分技巧前三名為：1.拳技〈1分〉2.摔技〈2分〉3.踢技〈2分〉。本研究以上述發現之結果，提供從事武術散手之同好及有關單位之參考，以利促進武術散手推向國際正式比賽。 關鍵字：散手（打）（San Shou）、國術擂台、徒手賽、打擂台、國家 級（A級）裁判。The Analysis and Examination of the scoring techniques in the San Shou Matches.-----Examples from the 2002 Bosun Asian Games. Chih-kun Cheng National Taiwan Normal University. Abstract In Taiwan, San Shou, or San Da is also called “Chinese Boxing Stage”, “Bare-Handed Match”, or“Challenge Fight Between Two Boxers”. In order to make Martial Art competitive game and toward globalization, the rules of the game, the contest system must be established more concrete and safer. Whether the process of judgment is done carefully and exactly by the umpires will affect the result of the game and the development of the sport. Ten matches from the San Shou game held in 2002 Bosun Asian Game were analyzed through the edited videos. Eight national level (A) umpires served as the participants whowere asked to record scores in two ways for the same 10 matches. The results show that 1, the consistency ratios between the 2 scoring techniques from the umpires was significantly smaller than 0.9 using the one sample t-test, demonstrating the unequal results from the 2 different scoring techniques. Secondly, examining the recorded differences between the opponents, it was found that when the differences were small, the results of the 2 techniques tended to be different whereas the 2 techniques only shared the same results when the differences between the opponents were large. Thirdly, the descriptive statistics from the scoring records showed that the techniques that were ranked at the top three places were 1. boxing technique, 2. throwing technique, and 3. kicking technique. The findings of the study could provide information about the scoring techniques in the San Shou matches to the relevant personnel and organization, hoping to contribute to promoting the sport toward an international level. Keywords：San Shou ,Chinese Boxing Stage, Bare-Handed Match, Chinese Martial Art, National Level Umpire.